Non-equilibrium phase separation with reactions: a canonical model and its behaviour
Non-equilibrium phase separation with reactions: a canonical model and its behaviour
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反应的非平衡相分离：典型模型及其行为
DOI：
10.1088/1742-5468/ab7e2d
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Cates
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yuting I. Li;M. Cates
同时经历相分离和化学反应(这里定义为改变颗粒类型或数量的所有过程)的材料形成了一类重要的非平衡系统。例子包括具有生死动态的自我推进细菌的悬浮液，到细胞内的生物分子凝聚体，或称“无膜细胞器”。与它们的被动对应物相比，这些系统具有守恒和非守恒的动力学，通常不是来自共享的自由能。这种失配打破了时间反转对称，并导致了新类型的动态竞争，这些竞争不在平衡状态或接近平衡状态。我们构造了一个正则标量场论来描述这类系统，其中守恒和非守恒动力学分别服从模型B和模型A(在Hohenberg-Halperin分类中)，所选的两个自由能是不相容的。所得到的最小模型捕捉到了先前报道的具有相同物理成分的更复杂模型的各种现象，包括微相分离、极限环和液滴分裂。我们找到了一个时逆对称性意外恢复的低维参数子空间，并证明了序参数场的动力学(但不是它的守恒电流)与一个由长程吸引相互作用引起微相分离的平衡系统完全相同。
Materials undergoing both phase separation and chemical reactions (defined here as all processes that change particle type or number) form an important class of non-equilibrium systems. Examples range from suspensions of self-propelled bacteria with birth–death dynamics, to bio-molecular condensates, or ‘membraneless organelles’, within cells. In contrast to their passive counterparts, such systems have conserved and non-conserved dynamics that do not, in general, derive from a shared free energy. This mismatch breaks time-reversal symmetry and leads to new types of dynamical competition that are absent in or near equilibrium. We construct a canonical scalar field theory to describe such systems, with conserved and non-conserved dynamics obeying model B and model A, respectively (in the Hohenberg–Halperin classification), chosen such that the two free energies involved are incompatible. The resulting minimal model is shown to capture the various phenomenologies reported previously for more complicated models with the same physical ingredients, including microphase separation, limit cycles and droplet splitting. We find a low-dimensional subspace of parameters for which time-reversal symmetry is accidentally recovered, and show that here the dynamics of the order parameter field (but not its conserved current) is exactly the same as an equilibrium system in which microphase separation is caused by long-range attractive interactions.
具有扩散南部-戈德斯通模式的动态临界现象
DOI：
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
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作者：
中村 真; 棚橋典大; 高橋大介; 曽我部紀之
通讯作者：
曽我部紀之