Dynamic features of microtubules as visualized by dark-field microscopy.
Dynamic features of microtubules as visualized by dark-field microscopy.
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DOI：
10.1016/0065-227x(90)90010-q
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发表时间：
1990-01-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Miyamoto, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hotani, H;Miyamoto, H
本文综述了高强度暗视野光显微镜观察体外微管动态特征的最新进展。对单个微管的实时观察使得精确分析微管的独特特征成为可能。讨论了以下三个问题：（1）铣削，即，在稳定状态下，微管蛋白在一端的同时组装和在另一端的同时拆卸。(2)动态不稳定性，即，两种微管共存的非常不寻常的现象：在没有MAP的情况下，一种微管延长，而另一种微管缩短。微管的两端存在于生长期或缩短期，并以随机的方式在两个阶段之间交替。(3)通过微管生长的脂质体形态发生。微管蛋白被封装到模型膜囊泡、脂质体中。包裹的微管蛋白聚合导致球形脂质体形状发生变化，形成双极或多极囊泡，表明微管在膜性细胞器和细胞的形态发生中具有积极的功能。
We have reviewed recent progress in the dynamic features of microtubules in vitro as visualized by dark-field light microscopy using high intensity illumination. Observations of individual microtubules in real-time have made it possible to analyze the unique characteristics of microtubules exactly. The following three topics have been discussed: (1) treadmilling, i.e., the simultaneous assembly of tubulin at one end and disassembly at the other end on a single microtubule at a steady state. (2) Dynamic instability, i.e., the very unusual phenomenon in which two populations of microtubules coexist: those in one population elongating while those in the other shortening in the absence of MAPs. Both ends of the microtubules exist either in the growing or the shortening phase, and alternate between the two phases in a stochastic manner. (3) Morphogenesis of liposomes by microtubule growth. Tubulin is encapsulated into model membrane vesicles, liposomes. Polymerization of the encapsulated tubulin causes a change in shape of the spherical liposomes to form bipolar or multipolar vesicles, suggesting that microtubules have an active function in the morphogenesis of membranous organelles and cells.