Funding acknowledgement analysis: an enhanced tool to investigate research sponsorship impacts: the case of nanotechnology
Funding acknowledgement analysis: an enhanced tool to investigate research sponsorship impacts: the case of nanotechnology
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DOI：
10.1007/s11192-011-0362-5
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发表时间：
2011-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Shapira, Philip
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang, Jue;Shapira, Philip
人们越来越有兴趣评估资助的研究经费如何影响科学技术的发展和轨迹。传统上，研究经费和后续结果之间的联系很难追踪，通常需要访问研究人员或赞助商发布的单独的经费或绩效报告。当研究人员获得多个资助奖项并与各种不同赞助的研究同事合作时，追踪研究赞助和产出联系就变得更具挑战性。本文提出了一种新颖的文献计量方法来进行资金确认分析，将研究成果与其资金来源联系起来。本文在纳米技术研究的背景下使用这种方法，探讨了领先国家和机构的资助模式，包括跨境研究赞助的模式。我们确定了 2008 年至 2009 年 12 个月期间全球发表的超过 91,500 篇纳米技术文章。这些出版物中约 67% 包含资助致谢信息。我们将报告资助的文章与未报告资助的文章进行比较（原因可能包括依赖内部核心资助而不是外部奖励以及报告中的遗漏）。虽然我们发现一些国家和地区存在差异，但我们认为资金来源的报告水平足够高，足以为分析提供基础。资助确认数据用于比较选定国家的纳米技术资助政策和计划，并检查其对科学产出的影响。我们还通过国家和组织层面各种资金来源的相互作用来研究研究经费的国际化。我们发现，虽然大多数纳米技术资助都是面向国家的，但随着研究人员跨境合作，国际化和知识交流确实发生了。我们的方法提供了一种新方法，不仅可以确定出版物的资金来源，还可以跨科学领域、机构和国家进行大规模分析。
There is increasing interest in assessing how sponsored research funding influences the development and trajectory of science and technology. Traditionally, linkages between research funding and subsequent results are hard to track, often requiring access to separate funding or performance reports released by researchers or sponsors. Tracing research sponsorship and output linkages is even more challenging when researchers receive multiple funding awards and collaborate with a variety of differentially-sponsored research colleagues. This article presents a novel bibliometric approach to undertaking funding acknowledgement analysis which links research outputs with their funding sources. Using this approach in the context of nanotechnology research, the article probes the funding patterns of leading countries and agencies including patterns of cross-border research sponsorship. We identify more than 91,500 nanotechnology articles published worldwide during a 12-month period in 2008-2009. About 67% of these publications include funding acknowledgements information. We compare articles reporting funding with those that do not (for reasons that may include reliance on internal core-funding rather than external awards as well as omissions in reporting). While we find some country and field differences, we judge that the level of reporting of funding sources is sufficiently high to provide a basis for analysis. The funding acknowledgement data is used to compare nanotechnology funding policies and programs in selected countries and to examine their impacts on scientific output. We also examine the internationalization of research funding through the interplay of various funding sources at national and organizational levels. We find that while most nanotechnology funding is nationally-oriented, internationalization and knowledge exchange does occur as researchers collaborate across borders. Our method offers a new approach not only in identifying the funding sources of publications but also in feasibly undertaking large-scale analyses across scientific fields, institutions and countries.