The genome sequence of segmental allotetraploid peanut Arachis hypogaea
The genome sequence of segmental allotetraploid peanut Arachis hypogaea
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DOI：
10.1038/s41588-019-0405-z
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发表时间：
2019-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
30.8
通讯作者：
Schmutz, Jeremy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bertioli, David J.;Jenkins, Jerry;Schmutz, Jeremy
像许多其他作物一样，栽培花生（arachhis hypogaea L.）是杂交起源，具有多倍体基因组，其中包含来自两个祖先物种的基本完整的染色体集。在这里，我们报告了花生的基因组序列，并表明在其多倍体起源之后，基因组通过移动元件活性，缺失和相应祖先染色体之间的遗传信息流动（即同源重组）而进化。染色体末端同源重组模式的一致性有利于栽培花生及其野生对应物的单一起源。然而，通过大部分基因组，同源重组创造了多样性。利用由祖先物种制成的新的多倍体杂交种，我们展示了这是如何产生表型变化的，比如花的颜色的自发变化。我们认为，这些遗传机制产生的多样性有助于人类驯化多倍体山核桃，而不是其他二倍体山核桃。
Like many other crops, the cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is of hybrid origin and has a polyploid genome that contains essentially complete sets of chromosomes from two ancestral species. Here we report the genome sequence of peanut and show that after its polyploid origin, the genome has evolved through mobile-element activity, deletions and by the flow of genetic information between corresponding ancestral chromosomes (that is, homeologous recombination). Uniformity of patterns of homeologous recombination at the ends of chromosomes favors a single origin for cultivated peanut and its wild counterpart A. monticola. However, through much of the genome, homeologous recombination has created diversity. Using new polyploid hybrids made from the ancestral species, we show how this can generate phenotypic changes such as spontaneous changes in the color of the flowers. We suggest that diversity generated by these genetic mechanisms helped to favor the domestication of the polyploid A. hypogaea over other diploid Arachis species cultivated by humans.