Maternal omega-3 fatty acid intake increases placental labyrinthine antioxidant capacity but does not protect against fetal growth restriction induced by placental ischaemia-reperfusion injury
Maternal omega-3 fatty acid intake increases placental labyrinthine antioxidant capacity but does not protect against fetal growth restriction induced by placental ischaemia-reperfusion injury
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DOI：
10.1530/rep-13-0282
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发表时间：
2013-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Waddell, Brendan J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jones, Megan L.;Mark, Peter J.;Waddell, Brendan J.
胎盘氧化应激在几种胎盘相关疾病的病理生理学中起着关键作用。当过量的活性氧（ROS）破坏细胞成分时，会发生氧化应激，这是一种受抗氧化酶限制的结果;线粒体解偶联蛋白2（UCP 2）也限制了ROS的产生。我们最近报道，母体膳食中补充omega-3多不饱和脂肪酸（n-3 PUFA）可减少胎盘氧化损伤，并增强大鼠胎儿和胎盘的生长。在这里，我们研究了n-3多不饱和脂肪酸对胎盘抗氧化防御的影响，以及n-3多不饱和脂肪酸补充剂是否可以预防由胎盘缺血再灌注（IR）（一种已知的氧化应激诱导剂）诱导的生长受限。从妊娠第1天开始，给大鼠喂食标准或高n-3 PUFA饮食。在第17天和第22天（术语=第23天）以及第17天IR处理后第22天收集未处理妊娠的胎盘。采用定量RT-PCR方法检测胎盘迷路区（LZ）和结合区（JZ）中几种抗氧化酶基因（Sod 1、Sod 2、Sod 3、Cat、Txn 1和Gpx 3）和Ucp 2的表达。测定了细胞质超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、线粒体SOD和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性。母体n-3 PUFA补充增加了两个妊娠日的Cat的LZ mRNA表达（分别为2倍和1.5倍; P < 0.01）和第22天的雌性Sod 2的LZ mRNA表达（1.4倍，P < 0.01）。添加n-3 PUFA后22天，细胞内SOD活性增加1.3倍（P < 0.05）。Sod 1和Txn 1表达轻度下降（30%和22%，P < 0.05）。JZ抗氧化防御在很大程度上不受饮食的影响。尽管增加LZ抗氧化防御，母体n-3多不饱和脂肪酸补充剂没有保护胎盘IR诱导的胎儿和胎盘LZ的生长限制。
Placental oxidative stress plays a key role in the pathophysiology of several placenta-related disorders. Oxidative stress occurs when excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) damages cellular components, an outcome limited by antioxidant enzymes; mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) also limits ROS production. We recently reported that maternal dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) supplementation reduced placental oxidative damage and enhanced fetal and placental growth in the rats. Here, we examined the effect of n-3 PUFAs on placental antioxidant defences and whether n-3 PUFA supplementation could prevent growth restriction induced by placental ischaemia-reperfusion (IR), a known inducer of oxidative stress. Rats were fed either standard or high-n-3 PUFA diets from day 1 of pregnancy. Placentas were collected on days 17 and 22 in untreated pregnancies (term=day 23) and at day 22 following IR treatment on day 17. Expression of several antioxidant enzyme genes (Sod1, Sod2, Sod3, Cat, Txn1 and Gpx3) and Ucp2 was measured by quantitative RT-PCR in the placental labyrinth zone (LZ) and junctional zone (JZ). Cytosolic superoxide dismutase (SOD), mitochondrial SOD and catalase (CAT) activities were also analyzed. Maternal n-3 PUFA supplementation increased LZ mRNA expression of Cat at both gestational days (2- and 1.5-fold respectively; P < 0.01) and female Sod2 at day 22 (1.4-fold, P < 0.01). Cytosolic SOD activity increased with n-3 PUFA supplementation at day 22 (1.3-fold, P < 0.05). Sod1 and Txn1 expression decreased marginally (30 and 22%, P < 0.05). JZ antioxidant defences were largely unaffected by diet. Despite increased LZ antioxidant defences, maternal n-3 PUFA supplementation did not protect against placental IR-induced growth restriction of the fetus and placental LZ.