Microorganisms in deep-sea hydrothermal plumes
Microorganisms in deep-sea hydrothermal plumes
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DOI：
10.1038/320744a0
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发表时间：
1986-04
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
C. D. Winn;D. Karl;G. Massoth
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. D. Winn;D. Karl;G. Massoth
通过对大洋扩张中心热液喷口的研究，重新评估了有关海洋生态系统的能量流动和海水中溶解离子的源和汇的一些基本原理。热液喷口变化很大，从温度相对较低(<；25°C)的流体排放到壮观的高温(∼350°C)黑色烟雾1-3。高温喷口产生浮羽，在距离脊脊4、5几百公里的地方可以检测到。在热液喷口附近，化学自养细菌存在于喷口流体6-8中，附着在岩石表面9，10，并在某些大型动物群11中作为内生生物存在。到目前为止，深海热液羽流还没有被检查过细菌的存在。我们现在报告在胡安德富卡山脊起源的热液羽流中存在细菌生物量升高的现象，并讨论这些微生物的潜在地球化学意义。
The study of hydrothermal vents at oceanic spreading centres has led to a re-evaluation of some basic tenets concerning energy flux through oceanic ecosystems and the sources and sinks for dissolved ions in sea water. Hydrothermal vents vary considerably, from relatively low-temperature (<25 °C) fluid discharges to the spectacular high-temperature (∼350 °C) black smokers1–3. The high-temperature vents give rise to buoyant plumes which can be detected hundreds of kilometres away from ridge crests4,5. In the immediate vicinity of hydrothermal vents, chemoautotrophic bacteria are present in vent fluids6–8, attached to rock surfaces9,10, and as endosymbionts in certain macro fauna11. Deep-sea hydrothermal plumes have not, as yet, been examined for the presence of bacteria. We now report the presence of elevated bacterial biomass in a hydrothermal plume originating from the Juan de Fuca Ridge, and discuss the potential geochemical significance of these microorganisms