Strategic locating of refuges for extreme heat events (or heat waves)
Strategic locating of refuges for extreme heat events (or heat waves)
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DOI：
10.1016/j.uclim.2018.04.009
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发表时间：
2018-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Eisenman, David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fraser, Andrew M.;Chester, Mikhail V.;Eisenman, David
公共冷却中心是热管理计划的推荐组成部分，旨在降低极端高温事件期间的发病率和死亡率。众所周知，进入空调空间可以减少与高温暴露相关的健康风险，但尚不清楚这些设施是否处于良好的位置，可以为那些容易受到高温影响的人提供服务。其他公共空调空间，如室内购物中心、图书馆和电影院也是推荐的。在这些类型的设施附近放置官方冷却中心可以提供多余的覆盖。作为一种有限的资源，这些设施可以更好地位于其他降温选择有限的地区。我们调查了两个公共冷却中心网络(加利福尼亚州洛杉矶县和亚利桑那州马里科帕县)的分布情况，发现很大一部分网络位于拥有丰富的公共可用空调空间的区域，而不是允许网络临时发展，应该使用位置分析来更有效地选址潜在的救生资源。使用一种新的最大覆盖选址问题的迭代方法，我们确定了潜在的设施，这些设施可以改善那些在没有潜在替代方案的情况下更容易受到高温影响的人的接入，并确定了网络扩展的位置。
Public cooling centers are a recommended component of heat management plans aimed at reducing morbidity and mortality during extreme heat events. Access to air conditioned space is known to reduce health risks associated with heat exposure, it is not known if these facilities are well positioned to serve those who are vulnerable to heat. Other public air-conditioned spaces such as indoor shopping malls, libraries, and movie theaters are also recommended. Placement of official cooling centers near these types of facilities provides redundant coverage. As a constrained resource, these facilities could be better located in areas where other heat relief options are limited. We explored the distribution of two public cooling center networks (Los Angeles County, CA and Maricopa County, AZ) and found that significant fractions of the networks were located in areas with abundant, publically available, air-conditioned spaces Instead of allowing the networks to develop in an ad hoc nature, location analysis should be used to site a potentially life-saving resource more effectively. Using a new iterative method of the maximal covering location problem, we identified potential facilities that improve access for those who are more susceptible to heat without access to potential alternatives and identified locations for network expansion.