Evaluation of Changes in the Motor Network Following BCI Therapy Based on Graph Theory Analysis
Evaluation of Changes in the Motor Network Following BCI Therapy Based on Graph Theory Analysis
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DOI：
10.3389/fnins.2018.00861
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发表时间：
2018-11-27
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Prabhakaran, Vivek
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mazrooyisebdani, Mohsen;Nair, Veena A.;Prabhakaran, Vivek
尽管脑-机接口（BCI）疗法在中风康复期间已确立有效性（Song等人，2014 a，2015; Young等人，2014 a，B，c，2015; Remsik等人，2016年），很少有人了解运动网络重组和功能性运动改善之间的联系。本研究的目的是调查脑机接口治疗过程中运动皮层网络重组的变化。图形理论的方法被用于静息状态功能磁共振成像（fMRI）的数据，从中风患者，以评估这些变化。图测量和行为测量的变化之间的相关性也进行了研究。右半球慢性脑卒中患者（脑卒中发作平均时间= 38.23个月，标准差（SD）= 46.27个月，n = 13，6名男性，10名右利手）上肢运动功能障碍患者使用闭环神经反馈BCI设备接受介入康复治疗。在4个测试点收集这些患者的闭眼静息态fMRI（rs-fMRI）扫描，沿着3.0T MRI扫描仪上的T-1加权解剖扫描。通过比较治疗前后的结果来观察即刻疗效。结果显示，运动网络的平均聚集系数从治疗前到治疗后显著增加。此外，观察到病灶同侧初级运动区的区域中心性增加（p = 0.02），病灶对侧丘脑（p = 0.05）、基底节（介数中心性分析p = 0.05，程度中心性分析p = 0.03）和齿状核（p = 0.03）的区域中心性降低（未校正）。这些研究结果表明，在这些地区的参与意义的总体趋势。初级运动区的中心性增加可能表明其交互网络内的效率增加，作为BCI治疗的效果。值得注意的是，双侧小脑区域中心性的变化与两个临床变量[行动研究手臂测试（ARAT）和九孔钉测试（9-HPT）]有很强的相关性。
Despite the established effectiveness of the brain-computer interface (BCI) therapy during stroke rehabilitation (Song et al., 2014a, 2015; Young et al., 2014a, b,c, 2015; Remsik et al., 2016), little is understood about the connections between motor network reorganization and functional motor improvements. The aim of this study was to investigate changes in the network reorganization of the motor cortex during BCI therapy. Graph theoretical approaches are used on resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data acquired from stroke patients to evaluate these changes. Correlations between changes in graph measurements and behavioral measurements were also examined. Right hemisphere chronic stroke patients (average time from stroke onset = 38.23 months, standard deviation (SD) = 46.27 months, n = 13, 6 males, 10 right-handed) with upper-extremity motor deficits received interventional rehabilitation therapy using a closed-loop neurofeedback BCI device. Eyes-closed resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) scans, along with T-1 weighted anatomical scans on 3.0T MRI scanners were collected from these patients at four test points. Immediate therapeutic effects were investigated by comparing pre and post-therapy results. Results displayed that th average clustering coefficient of the motor network increased significantly from pre to post-therapy. Furthermore, increased regional centrality of ipsilesional primary motor area (p = 0.02) and decreases in regional centrality of contralesional thalamus (p = 0.05), basal ganglia (p = 0.05 in betweenness centrality analysis and p = 0.03 for degree centrality), and dentate nucleus (p = 0.03) were observed (uncorrected). These findings suggest an overall trend toward significance in terms of involvement of these regions. Increased centrality of primary motor area may indicate increased efficiency within its interactive network as an effect of BCI therapy. Notably, changes in centrality of the bilateral cerebellum regions have strong correlations with both clinical variables [the Action Research Arm Test (ARAT), and the Nine-Hole Peg Test (9-HPT)]