Bio-GO-SHIP: The Time Is Right to Establish Global Repeat Sections of Ocean Biology
Bio-GO-SHIP: The Time Is Right to Establish Global Repeat Sections of Ocean Biology
复制标题
DOI：
10.3389/fmars.2021.767443
复制
发表时间：
2022-01-10
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Martiny, Adam
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Clayton, Sophie;Alexander, Harriet;Martiny, Adam
在本文中，我们介绍了Bio-Go-Ship，这是一个新的海洋观测计划，它将把持续和一致的全球生物海洋观测纳入全球海洋船基水文调查计划(GO-SHIP)。Bio-Go-Ship的目标是在全球海洋重复水文调查期间进行系统和一致的生物观测，特别注重浮游生态系统。海洋浮游生物是地球气候系统的重要组成部分，是海洋食物网的基础，因此在影响粮食安全和促进蓝色经济方面发挥着重要作用。尽管海洋生物很重要，但与物理和化学特性相比，它在时间和空间上很大程度上是抽样不足的。这种信息的缺乏阻碍了我们理解浮游生物在调节生物地球化学过程和促进更高营养水平方面的作用，无论是现在还是未来的海洋条件。传统上，用于量化生物和生态系统基本海洋变量(EOV)的许多方法都是昂贵的、耗费人力和时间的，限制了它们的大规模部署。在过去的二十年里，新技术得到了发展和成熟，使我们有可能极大地扩展我们的生物海洋观测能力。这些技术，包括细胞成像、生物光学传感器和组学工具，可以结合在一起，提供关键的生物和生态系统EOV的重叠测量。数据管理和开放共享的新发展可以促进有意义的合成和集成并发的物理和化学数据。在这里，我们概述Bio-Go-Ship如何利用这些技术进步，极大地扩大我们对全球海洋浮游生物生态系统的组成和功能的知识和理解。
In this article, we present Bio-GO-SHIP, a new ocean observing program that will incorporate sustained and consistent global biological ocean observations into the Global Ocean Ship-based Hydrographic Investigations Program (GO-SHIP). The goal of Bio-GO-SHIP is to produce systematic and consistent biological observations during global ocean repeat hydrographic surveys, with a particular focus on the planktonic ecosystem. Ocean plankton are an essential component of the earth climate system, form the base of the oceanic food web and thereby play an important role in influencing food security and contributing to the Blue Economy. Despite its importance, ocean biology is largely under-sampled in time and space compared to physical and chemical properties. This lack of information hampers our ability to understand the role of plankton in regulating biogeochemical processes and fueling higher trophic levels, now and in future ocean conditions. Traditionally, many of the methods used to quantify biological and ecosystem essential ocean variables (EOVs), measures that provide valuable information on the ecosystem, have been expensive and labor- and time-intensive, limiting their large-scale deployment. In the last two decades, new technologies have been developed and matured, making it possible to greatly expand our biological ocean observing capacity. These technologies, including cell imaging, bio-optical sensors and 'omic tools, can be combined to provide overlapping measurements of key biological and ecosystem EOVs. New developments in data management and open sharing can facilitate meaningful synthesis and integration with concurrent physical and chemical data. Here we outline how Bio-GO-SHIP leverages these technological advances to greatly expand our knowledge and understanding of the constituents and function of the global ocean plankton ecosystem.