Cells release subpopulations of exosomes with distinct molecular and biological properties.
Cells release subpopulations of exosomes with distinct molecular and biological properties.
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DOI：
10.1038/srep22519
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发表时间：
2016-03-02
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Vader P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Willms E;Johansson HJ;Mäger I;Lee Y;Blomberg KE;Sadik M;Alaarg A;Smith CI;Lehtiö J;El Andaloussi S;Wood MJ;Vader P
细胞释放纳米大小的膜囊泡，通过在细胞之间传递生物信息来参与细胞间通讯。人们普遍认为细胞释放至少三种类型的细胞外囊泡（EV）：凋亡小体、微泡和外泌体。虽然外泌体具有多种假定的生物学功能，但它们被认为代表了同质的 EV 群体。我们假设存在具有明确分子组成和生物学特性的外泌体亚群。分离的外泌体的密度梯度离心揭示了两个不同亚群的存在，它们的生物物理特性及其蛋白质组和RNA库不同。有趣的是，这些亚群对受体细胞中的基因表达程序产生不同的影响。总之，我们证明细胞释放具有独特成分的不同外泌体亚群，对受体细胞产生不同的影响。外泌体异质性的进一步剖析将增进我们对健康和疾病中外泌体生物学的理解，并加速基于外泌体的诊断和治疗的发展。
Cells release nano-sized membrane vesicles that are involved in intercellular communication by transferring biological information between cells. It is generally accepted that cells release at least three types of extracellular vesicles (EVs): apoptotic bodies, microvesicles and exosomes. While a wide range of putative biological functions have been attributed to exosomes, they are assumed to represent a homogenous population of EVs. We hypothesized the existence of subpopulations of exosomes with defined molecular compositions and biological properties. Density gradient centrifugation of isolated exosomes revealed the presence of two distinct subpopulations, differing in biophysical properties and their proteomic and RNA repertoires. Interestingly, the subpopulations mediated differential effects on the gene expression programmes in recipient cells. In conclusion, we demonstrate that cells release distinct exosome subpopulations with unique compositions that elicit differential effects on recipient cells. Further dissection of exosome heterogeneity will advance our understanding of exosomal biology in health and disease and accelerate the development of exosome-based diagnostics and therapeutics.