Pineal morphology of the clinical high-risk state for psychosis and different psychotic disorders
Pineal morphology of the clinical high-risk state for psychosis and different psychotic disorders
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DOI：
10.1016/j.schres.2022.04.005
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发表时间：
2022-04
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Tsutomu Takahashi;S. Wood;A. Yung;B. Nelson;A. Lin;H. Yuen;L. Phillips;Michio Suzuki;P. McG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tsutomu Takahashi;S. Wood;A. Yung;B. Nelson;A. Lin;H. Yuen;L. Phillips;Michio Suzuki;P. McG
背景：松果体体积减少已被报道在精神分裂症和精神病发展的临床高危状态中，支持褪黑激素失调在精神病病理生理中的作用。然而，目前尚不清楚的是，在精神病临床高危（CHR）个体中，松果体体积是否与精神病的晚发性有关，或者松果体萎缩是否在不同的精神疾病中特异于精神分裂症。方法本研究对135例精神病CHR患者（52例（38.5%）随后发展为精神病）、162例首发精神病（FEP）、89例慢性精神分裂症和87例健康对照进行了松果体体积和囊肿患病率的磁共振成像检查。在CHR和FEP组中也检查了松果体形态对临床特征的潜在贡献。结果CHR组、FEP组和慢性精神分裂症组的脊髓体积差异无统计学意义，但明显小于健康对照组。然而，在CHR组或FEP亚诊断（即精神分裂症、精神分裂样障碍、情感性精神病和其他精神病）中，松果体体积与晚发精神病无关。两组之间松果体囊肿患病率无显著差异，CHR组和FEP组的松果体囊肿患病率也与临床特征无关。结论松果体萎缩是精神病的易损性标志，而松果体囊肿似乎与精神病的病理生理无关。
BackgroundPineal volume reductions have been reported in schizophrenia and clinical high-risk states for the development of psychosis, supporting the role of melatonin dysregulation in the pathophysiology of psychosis. However, it remains unclear whether pineal volume is associated with the later onset of psychosis in individuals at clinical high-risk (CHR) of psychosis or if pineal atrophy is specific to schizophrenia among different psychotic disorders.MethodsThis magnetic resonance imaging study examined the volume of and cyst prevalence in the pineal gland in 135 individuals at CHR of psychosis [52 (38.5%) subsequently developed psychosis], 162 with first-episode psychosis (FEP), 89 with chronic schizophrenia, and 87 healthy controls. The potential contribution of the pineal morphology to clinical characteristics was also examined in the CHR and FEP groups.ResultsPineal volumes did not differ significantly between the CHR, FEP, and chronic schizophrenia groups, but were significantly smaller than that in healthy controls. However, pineal volumes were not associated with the later onset of psychosis in the CHR group or FEP sub-diagnosis (i.e., schizophrenia, schizophreniform disorder, affective psychosis, and other psychoses). No significant differences were observed in the prevalence of pineal cysts between the groups, and it also did not correlate with clinical characteristics in the CHR and FEP groups.ConclusionThese results suggest that pineal atrophy is a general vulnerability marker of psychosis, while pineal cysts do not appear to contribute to the pathophysiology of psychosis.