From Linkage Studies to Epigenetics: What We Know and What We Need to Know in the Neurobiology of Schizophrenia.
From Linkage Studies to Epigenetics: What We Know and What We Need to Know in the Neurobiology of Schizophrenia.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnins.2016.00202
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Alelú-Paz R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cariaga-Martinez A;Saiz-Ruiz J;Alelú-Paz R
精神分裂症是一种复杂的精神障碍，其特征是存在阳性、阴性和缺乏统一神经病理学的认知症状。在本文中，我们将从遗传学和表观遗传学两个方面综述精神分裂症分子调控失调的研究现状。关于后者，基础研究表明，正常的认知受到表观遗传机制的调节，其功能障碍发生在表观遗传失调的情况下，这为复杂精神疾病的缺失遗传性提供了新的见解，指的是流行病学遗传性与DNA序列差异解释的表型变异比例之间的差异。在精神分裂症中，缺乏持续复制的遗传效应，以及环境暴露后基因表达持续变化的证据，表明表观遗传机制的作用。在这篇综述中，我们将重点介绍表观遗传修饰作为一种关键机制，通过这种机制，环境因素与个体的遗传结构相互作用，影响一生中精神疾病的风险。
Schizophrenia is a complex psychiatric disorder characterized by the presence of positive, negative, and cognitive symptoms that lacks a unifying neuropathology. In the present paper, we will review the current understanding of molecular dysregulation in schizophrenia, including genetic and epigenetic studies. In relation to the latter, basic research suggests that normal cognition is regulated by epigenetic mechanisms and its dysfunction occurs upon epigenetic misregulation, providing new insights into missing heritability of complex psychiatric diseases, referring to the discrepancy between epidemiological heritability and the proportion of phenotypic variation explained by DNA sequence difference. In schizophrenia the absence of consistently replicated genetic effects together with evidence for lasting changes in gene expression after environmental exposures suggest a role of epigenetic mechanisms. In this review we will focus on epigenetic modifications as a key mechanism through which environmental factors interact with individual's genetic constitution to affect risk of psychotic conditions throughout life.
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Walters KA;Huang Y;Azaro M;Tobin K;Lehner T;Brzustowicz LM;Vieland VJ
通讯作者：
Vieland VJ