Hydrogels and Dentin-Pulp Complex Regeneration: From the Benchtop to Clinical Translation.
Hydrogels and Dentin-Pulp Complex Regeneration: From the Benchtop to Clinical Translation.
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水凝胶和牙本质-牙髓复合体再生：从实验到临床应用。
DOI：
10.3390/polym12122935
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发表时间：
2020-12-09
期刊：
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Fawzy El-Sayed KM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Abbass MMS;El-Rashidy AA;Sadek KM;Moshy SE;Radwan IA;Rady D;Dörfer CE;Fawzy El-Sayed KM
牙本质-牙髓复合体是指牙本质沿着其周围包围的牙髓。牙本质和牙髓是高度特化的组织，其可受到各种损伤的影响，主要是龋齿。牙本质-牙髓复合体的再生对于恢复牙齿活力至关重要。再生牙髓治疗是目前较为流行的一种治疗方法，其目的是通过刺激自体或移植的干/祖细胞的分化来再生牙本质-牙髓复合体。水凝胶基支架是一类独特的高含水量三维聚合物网络。它们具有亲水性、生物相容性、可调节的降解模式和机械性能，以及负载各种生物活性分子的能力。此外，水凝胶具有相当程度的柔性和弹性，模仿细胞外基质（ECM），特别是DP的细胞外基质。本文综述了可注射水凝胶与干/祖细胞联合用于牙本质牙髓复合体再生的方法。根据形成水凝胶的聚合物链的来源，它们可以分为天然水凝胶、合成水凝胶或将天然水凝胶和合成水凝胶相结合的混合水凝胶。天然聚合物是生物活性的，高度生物相容的，并且通过天然存在的酶或通过水解可生物降解。另一方面，与天然水凝胶相比，合成聚合物提供可调的机械性能、热稳定性和耐久性。混合水凝胶联合收割机结合了合成和天然聚合物的优点。水凝胶可以用细胞结合序列如精氨酸-甘氨酸-天冬氨酸（RGD）进行生物功能化，可以用于生物活性分子的局部递送和用干细胞细胞化用于牙本质牙髓再生。制定一个水凝胶支架材料，满足再生牙髓所需的标准仍然是一个积极的研究领域，这表明在不久的将来取代传统的牙髓治疗有前途的潜力。
Dentin–pulp complex is a term which refers to the dental pulp (DP) surrounded by dentin along its peripheries. Dentin and dental pulp are highly specialized tissues, which can be affected by various insults, primarily by dental caries. Regeneration of the dentin–pulp complex is of paramount importance to regain tooth vitality. The regenerative endodontic procedure (REP) is a relatively current approach, which aims to regenerate the dentin–pulp complex through stimulating the differentiation of resident or transplanted stem/progenitor cells. Hydrogel-based scaffolds are a unique category of three dimensional polymeric networks with high water content. They are hydrophilic, biocompatible, with tunable degradation patterns and mechanical properties, in addition to the ability to be loaded with various bioactive molecules. Furthermore, hydrogels have a considerable degree of flexibility and elasticity, mimicking the cell extracellular matrix (ECM), particularly that of the DP. The current review presents how for dentin–pulp complex regeneration, the application of injectable hydrogels combined with stem/progenitor cells could represent a promising approach. According to the source of the polymeric chain forming the hydrogel, they can be classified into natural, synthetic or hybrid hydrogels, combining natural and synthetic ones. Natural polymers are bioactive, highly biocompatible, and biodegradable by naturally occurring enzymes or via hydrolysis. On the other hand, synthetic polymers offer tunable mechanical properties, thermostability and durability as compared to natural hydrogels. Hybrid hydrogels combine the benefits of synthetic and natural polymers. Hydrogels can be biofunctionalized with cell-binding sequences as arginine–glycine–aspartic acid (RGD), can be used for local delivery of bioactive molecules and cellularized with stem cells for dentin–pulp regeneration. Formulating a hydrogel scaffold material fulfilling the required criteria in regenerative endodontics is still an area of active research, which shows promising potential for replacing conventional endodontic treatments in the near future.
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