Solitonic vortices in Bose–Einstein condensates
Solitonic vortices in Bose–Einstein condensates
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玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚中的孤子涡旋
DOI：
10.1140/epjst/e2015-02389-7
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
G. Ferrari
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Tylutki;S. Donadello;S. Serafini;L. Pitaevskiĭ;F. Dalfovo;G. Lamporesi;G. Ferrari
本文从理论和实验上分析了细长玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体中孤子涡旋的性质。在实验中，这种缺陷是通过Kibble-Zurek机制产生的，当钠原子气体的温度在BEC转变过程中淬火时，并在冷凝物自由膨胀后成像。通过使用Gross-Pitaevskii方程，我们计算的陷阱中的密度和相位分布特征的SV在交叉从一个细长的准一维到一个散装的3D制度。模拟结果表明，自由膨胀强烈放大了SV的关键功能，并产生了显着的扭曲的孤子平面由于量子化涡与缺陷。模拟和实验之间的良好协议。
We analyse, theoretically and experimentally, the nature of solitonic vortices (SV) in an elongated Bose-Einstein condensate. In the experiment, such defects are created via the Kibble-Zurek mechanism, when the temperature of a gas of sodium atoms is quenched across the BEC transition, and are imaged after a free expansion of the condensate. By using the Gross-Pitaevskii equation, we calculate the in-trap density and phase distributions characterizing a SV in the crossover from an elongated quasi-1D to a bulk 3D regime. The simulations show that the free expansion strongly amplifies the key features of a SV and produces a remarkable twist of the solitonic plane due to the quantized vorticity associated with the defect. Good agreement is found between simulations and experiments.