Echocardiographic Particle Image Velocimetry: A Novel Technique for Quantification of Left Ventricular Blood Vorticity Pattern
Echocardiographic Particle Image Velocimetry: A Novel Technique for Quantification of Left Ventricular Blood Vorticity Pattern
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DOI：
10.1016/j.echo.2009.09.007
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发表时间：
2010-01-01
影响因子：
6.5
通讯作者：
Sahn, David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kheradvar, Arash;Houle, Helene;Sahn, David
背景：本研究在体外模型中比较了超声心动图粒子成像测速仪(E-PIV)和数字粒子成像测速仪(D-PIV)的功能。此外，在临床活体环境中评估其获得正常受试者、扩张型心肌病患者以及机械和生物二尖瓣患者的心室血流模式的能力。方法：采用模拟人左心室的硅囊与人工心脏瓣膜相结合的方法，由脉冲血流复制器控制作为体外模型。粒子种子流动图像(1)使用高速摄像机从囊的中面，由激光薄片照明用于D-PIV，以及(2)使用Siemens Sequoia系统以60 Hz的帧速率用于E-PIV。D-PIV采用PIVview软件，E-PIV采用Omega Flow软件进行数据分析。结果：E-PIV和D-PIV两种方法所获得的速度向量在血流方向上表现良好。使用这两种方法获得的数据中的流线也被发现是相似的。然而，由于D-PIV优越的空间分辨率，E-PIV无法显示一些较小尺度的细节。将E-PIV应用于人体心脏，可在不同时间段内或由独立检查者拍摄的超声心动图图像中获得可重现的血流模式。结论：E-PIV技术似乎能够评价心脏内的主要血流特征。然而，超声成像的有限空间分辨率限制了脑室血流的小尺度特征的揭示。(《美国社会超声心动图》，2010；23：86-94。)
Background: In this study, the functionality of echocardiographic particle imaging velocimetry (E-PIV) was compared with that of digital particle imaging velocimetry (D-PIV) in an in vitro model. In addition, its capability was assessed in the clinical in vivo setting to obtain the ventricular flow pattern in normal subjects, in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy, and in patients with mechanical and bioprosthetic mitral valves.Methods: A silicon sac simulating the human left ventricle in combination with prosthetic heart valves, controlled by a pulsed-flow duplicator, was used as the in vitro model. Particle-seeded flow images were acquired (1) using a high-speed camera from the mid plane of the sac, illuminated by a laser sheet for D-PIV, and (2) using a Siemens Sequoia system at a frame rate of 60 Hz for E-PIV. Data analysis was performed with PIVview software for D-PIV and Omega Flow software for E-PIV. E-PIV processing was then applied to contrast echocardiographic image sets obtained during left ventricular cavity opacification with a lipid-shelled microbubble agent to assess spatial patterns of intracavitary flow in the clinical setting.Results: The velocity vectors obtained using both the E-PIV and the D-PIV methods compared well for the direction of flow. The streamlines were also found to be similar in the data obtained using both methods. However, because of the superior spatial resolution of D-PIV, some smaller scale details were not revealed by E-PIV. The application of E-PIV to the human heart resulted in reproducible flow patterns in echocardiographic images taken within different time frames or by independent examiners.Conclusions: The E-PIV technique appears to be capable of evaluating the major flow features in the ventricles. However, the bounded spatial resolution of ultrasound imaging limits the small-scale features of ventricular flow to be revealed. (J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2010;23:86-94.)