Realising the potential of thermoelectric technology: a Roadmap
Realising the potential of thermoelectric technology: a Roadmap
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DOI：
10.1039/c9tc05710b
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发表时间：
2020-01-14
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Powell, Anthony V.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Freer, Robert;Powell, Anthony V.
从喷气发动机到微处理器的所有机器都会产生热量，从钢铁到食品生产的制造过程也是如此。热电发电机（TEG）是能够将产生的热通量直接转换为电能的固态设备。因此，TEG有可能为几乎所有工业部门的发电提供一种简单、紧凑的途径。在这里，在英国热电网络和国际合作伙伴的广泛贡献下开发的路线图中，我们提出了支撑TEG的科学和技术。我们概述了热电（TE）技术如何能够产生从微瓦到数十/数百千瓦，甚至可能到兆瓦的功率输出，可以在从医疗到建筑监控，物联网，交通和工业部门的广泛应用中产生影响。TE技术在冷却领域的互补应用为制冷和热管理提供了更多机会。改进的废热收集和回收以及更有效的冷却为减少能源使用和二氧化碳排放提供了重要机会。我们概述了与开发提供更高功率输出的新材料和器件相关的关键挑战，同时将TE解决方案与可从能量收集中受益的广泛应用相匹配。现有的供应链可用于开发、制造热电设备并将其集成到具有全球市场潜力的广泛最终用户领域：其完全实现将需要采用新的最先进的制造技术，以便通过大批量制造来降低成本，从而扩大应用基础。
All machines from jet engines to microprocessors generate heat, as do manufacturing processes ranging from steel to food production. Thermoelectric generators (TEGs) are solid-state devices able to convert the resulting heat flux directly into electrical power. TEGs therefore have the potential to offer a simple, compact route to power generation in almost every industrial sector. Here, in a Roadmap developed with wide-ranging contributions from the UK Thermoelectric Network and international partners, we present the science and technology that underpins TEGs. We outline how thermoelectric (TE) technology capable of generating power outputs from microwatts to tens/hundreds kW, and potentially to MW, can have an impact across a wide range of applications in powering devices, ranging from medical to building monitoring, the internet of things, transportation and industrial sectors. The complementary application of TE technology in cooling affords additional opportunities in refrigeration and thermal management. Improved waste-heat harvesting and recovery and more efficient cooling offer significant opportunities to reduce energy usage and CO2 emissions. We provide an overview of the key challenges associated with the development of new materials and devices that offer higher power output, while matching TE solutions to the wide range of applications that would benefit from energy harvesting. There is an existing supply chain to develop, manufacture and integrate thermoelectric devices into a broad range of end-user sectors all with global market potential: the full realisation of which will require new state-of-the-art manufacturing techniques to be embraced in order to drive down costs through high-volume manufacturing to widen the application base.