Neighborhood Environments and Cognitive Decline Among Middle-Aged and Older People in China
Neighborhood Environments and Cognitive Decline Among Middle-Aged and Older People in China
复制标题
DOI：
10.1093/geronb/gbz016
复制
发表时间：
2019-10-01
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Pan, Xi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Luo, Ye;Zhang, Lingling;Pan, Xi
目的：尽管人们对邻里环境对认知功能的影响越来越感兴趣，但大多数关于老年人的研究都是基于发达国家的横断面调查数据。本研究旨在探讨中国中老年人的社区环境与认知功能随时间的下降之间的关系，以及这种关系在农村和城市居民之间是否存在差异。方法：使用中国健康与退休纵向研究（CHARLS 2011 - 2015）的三波数据。样本包括居住在298个农村的12，131名受访者和居住在150个城市社区的4，059名受访者。三个层次的线性增长曲线模型估计跟踪轨迹的认知变化超过4年periods.Results：中国老年人谁住在社区更多的障碍通道，更多的公交线路，就业服务，和较高的社会经济地位（SES）有较慢的认知下降。社区基础设施、道路不通天数、户外运动设施和平均社会活动参与度与城乡老年人的基线认知功能相关，但社区环境对农村老年人认知功能下降的影响要大于城市老年人。
Objectives: Despite the growing interest in the effects of neighborhood environments on cognitive function, most studies on older people are based on cross-sectional survey data from developed countries. This study examines the relationship between neighborhood environments and decline in cognitive function over time among middle-aged and older people in China and whether this relationship varies between rural and urban residents.Methods: The three waves of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS 2011-2015) were used. The sample included 12,131 respondents living in 298 rural villages and 4,059 respondents living in 150 urban communities. Three-level linear growth curve models were estimated to track trajectories of cognitive change over a 4-year period.Results: Chinese older people who lived in neighborhoods with more handicap access, more bus lines, employment service, and higher socioeconomic status (SES) had slower cognitive decline. Neighborhood basic infrastructures, number of days that roads were unpassable, outdoor exercise facilities, and average social activity participation were associated with baseline cognitive function in both rural and urban areas, but neighborhood environments had more impact on cognitive decline among rural older adults than urban older adults.Discussions: Findings from this study call for increased infrastructure development and community building programs in rural China.