Studies in animal aggregations - The relation between mass of animals and resistance to colloidal silver
Studies in animal aggregations - The relation between mass of animals and resistance to colloidal silver
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DOI：
10.2307/1537055
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发表时间：
1927-11-01
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Schuett, JT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Allee, WC;Schuett, JT
Drzewina 和 Bohn 的发现证实，当暴露于胶体银悬浮液时，在其他条件相同的情况下，当动物在有限体积的水中的质量不太大时，动物的质量与有毒物质的体积成比例越大，保护作用就越大。对于涡虫和蛇形动物（Ophioderma）来说，至少有很大一部分物质的保护作用是由于胶体银通过粘液或直接在暴露的动物表面上的吸附而产生的。保护措施并非特定于受控条件；涡虫受到大量经过仔细清洗的树腔虫、枝角类、池塘蜗牛或其粘液、池塘水蛭、活的或死的 Asellus 个体的存在，甚至池塘苔藓或干燥的哺乳动物腮腺悬浮液的保护。每当测试时，保护都是相互的。这些观察验证了通过其他方式获得的结论，即动物聚集可能对其成员具有生存价值，并为不同习性的分类学上不相关的生物群落可能的生存价值提供了新的线索。他们认为动物群落中存在一种整合因素，这种整合因素比迄今为止在简单生物体中所证明的因素更为微妙。
The findings of Drzewina and Bohn that, when exposed to suspensions of colloidal silver, other things being equal, there is greater protection the greater the mass of the animals in proportion to the volume of the toxic substance, are confirmed, when the mass of animals in a limited volume of water is not too large. With plana-rians and with the ophiurid, Ophioderma, at least a large part of the protective action of the mass is due to the adsorption of the colloidal silver either by slime or directly on the surfaces of the exposed animals. The protective action is not specific for undercontrolled conditions; planarians are protected by the presence of numbers of carefully washed individuals of Dendrocoelum, Cladocera, pond snails or their slime, pond leeches, Asellus alive or dead, and even by pond mosses or suspensions of desiccated mammalian parotid glands. The protection has been reciprocal whenever tested. These observations verify conclusions gained by other means that aggregations of animals may have survival value for their members, and throw new light on the possible survival value of communities of taxo-nomically unrelated organisms of dissimilar habits. They suggest the presence of an integrating factor in animal communities more subtle than those demonstrated hitherto for simpler organisms.