A Unified Theory of Determining the Electrophoretic Velocity of Mineral Particles in the Rectangular Micro-Electrophoresis Cell
A Unified Theory of Determining the Electrophoretic Velocity of Mineral Particles in the Rectangular Micro-Electrophoresis Cell
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矩形微电泳池中测定矿物颗粒电泳速度的统一理论
DOI：
10.4144/rpsj1954.27.117
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发表时间：
1980
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
H. Okamoto
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Mori;H. Okamoto
矩形微电泳池通常用于测量悬浮液中矿物颗粒的Zeta电位。因此，分析分散液在池中的电渗循环对于测定悬浮固体的电渗速度是很重要的。Smoluchowski(1921)和Komagata(1933)提出了这一循环的理论计算。根据他们的理论，液体的速度随着深度的变化而变化，因此速度分布可以用单元中的对称抛物线来表示。然而，我们得到了与他们的理论相冲突的结果。在我们的实验中，速度分布曲线由相对于电池中心线不对称的抛物线表示。莱恩和怀特(1937)根据Iatter的理论提出了类似的现象，但似乎是不完整的。用基于上述三种理论的方法测量电泳率，误差很大。因此，我们提出了一个测定矩形槽中矿物颗粒电泳率的统一理论(方程式(31))。Smoluchowski、Komagata和White的方程可以作为特例从我们的理论中推导出来。根据我们的理论，我们提出了一种改进的方法，仅根据速度分布曲线的系数来确定矿物颗粒的精确电泳速度(公式(41))，速度分布曲线由不对称抛物线表示(公式(38))。在实验中，该方法取得了令人满意的结果。
A rectangular micro-electrophoresis cell is commonly used for measuring the zeta-potential of mineral particles in suspension. It is thus important to analyze the electro-osmotic circulation of the dispersion liquid in the cell for determing the electrophoretic velocities of suspended solids.A theoretical calculation of this circulation was presented by Smoluchowski (1921) and Komagata (1933). According to their theories, the velocity of liquid changes with depth such that the velocity distribution may be represented by a symmetrical parabola in the cell. However, we have obtained results which conflict with their theories. In our experiments, the velocity distribution curve is represented by a parabola which is asymmetric with respect to the center line of the cell. A similar phenomenon had been suggested by Lane and White (1937) based on the Iatter's theory which seemingly was incomplete. By using methods of measuring electrophoretic velocities based on the above three theories, serious errors are obvious.We are thus proposing a unified theory for determining the electrophoretic velocity of mineral particles in a rectangular cell (equation (31)). The equations of Smoluchowski, Komagata and White are derivable from our theory as special cases. By our theory, we propose an improved method of determining the precise electrophoretic velocity of mineral particles (equation (41)) based solely on the coefficients of the velocity distribution curve which is represented by an asymmetrical parabola (equation (38)). In our experiments, this method gives satisfactory results.