Preferred and avoided codon pairs in three domains of life.

Preferred and avoided codon pairs in three domains of life.
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在生命的三个领域中,首选和避免了密码子对。

DOI:
10.1186/1471-2164-9-463
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发表时间:
2008-10-08
期刊:
影响因子:
4.4
通讯作者:
Remm M
Remm M
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Tats A;Tenson T;Remm M

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替代的同义密码子不以相等的频率使用。此外,密码子的上下文-相邻核苷酸和相邻密码子-可以具有某些模式。密码子环境可以影响翻译准确性和延伸率。然而,目前尚不清楚不同生物体中密码子上下文偏好的强度或保守性如何。我们分析了138种生物(细菌,古细菌和真核生物),以找到保守的密码子对模式。在去除了单个密码子使用和二肽偏好的影响后,我们发现了一组相邻的密码子,这些密码子的回避或偏好在生命的所有三个领域都是保守的。这种偏向性密码子对可以根据影响偏向性的核苷酸模式分为亚型。最常避免的密码子对类型是nnUAnn。我们发现,95.7%的避免nnUAnn型模式包含有义和/或反义链上的框外UAA或UAG三联体。平均而言,nnUAnn密码子对在ORF组中比在基因组中更频繁地被避免。因此,我们假设翻译选择在避免这些密码子对方面发挥着重要作用。其中nnGCnn密码子是主要的密码子类型。翻译选择通过生命的所有三个领域共有的规则来塑造蛋白质编码序列中密码子对的使用。最常避免的密码子对包含模式nnUAnn、nnGGnn、nnGnnC、nnCGCn、GUCCnn、CUCCnn、nnCnnA或UUCGnn。最常见的优选密码子对包含模式nnGCnn、nnCAnn或nnUnCn。
Alternative synonymous codons are not used with equal frequencies. In addition, the contexts of codons – neighboring nucleotides and neighboring codons – can have certain patterns. The codon context can influence both translational accuracy and elongation rates. However, it is not known how strong or conserved the codon context preferences in different organisms are. We analyzed 138 organisms (bacteria, archaea and eukaryotes) to find conserved patterns of codon pairs. After removing the effects of single codon usage and dipeptide biases we discovered a set of neighboring codons for which avoidances or preferences were conserved in all three domains of life. Such biased codon pairs could be divided into subtypes on the basis of the nucleotide patterns that influence the bias. The most frequently avoided type of codon pair was nnUAnn. We discovered that 95.7% of avoided nnUAnn type patterns contain out-frame UAA or UAG triplets on the sense and/or antisense strand. On average, nnUAnn codon pairs are more frequently avoided in ORFeomes than in genomes. Thus we assume that translational selection plays a major role in the avoidance of these codon pairs. Among the preferred codon pairs, nnGCnn was the major type. Translational selection shapes codon pair usage in protein coding sequences by rules that are common to all three domains of life. The most frequently avoided codon pairs contain the patterns nnUAnn, nnGGnn, nnGnnC, nnCGCn, GUCCnn, CUCCnn, nnCnnA or UUCGnn. The most frequently preferred codon pairs contain the patterns nnGCnn, nnCAnn or nnUnCn.
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