Nanotechnology in cancer therapy.
Nanotechnology in cancer therapy.
复制标题
DOI：
10.3109/1061186x.2013.837469
复制
发表时间：
2013-12
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Lopez-Berestein G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aslan B;Ozpolat B;Sood AK;Lopez-Berestein G
癌症是世界范围内死亡的主要原因之一，迫切需要先进的治疗技术。新型纳米材料和纳米载体的发展为改善癌症药物递送提供了重要动力。大多数纳米载体应用的主要目的是保护药物在全身递送后免于快速降解，并允许其以治疗浓度到达肿瘤部位，同时尽可能避免药物递送到正常部位以减少不良反应。这些纳米载体被配制成通过被动靶向（利用渗漏的肿瘤脉管系统）或通过使用配体主动靶向来递送药物，所述配体增加肿瘤摄取，可能导致增强的抗肿瘤功效，从而实现治疗指数的净改善。纳米颗粒的合理设计起着关键作用，因为结构和物理特性，如大小、电荷、形状和表面特性决定了药物的生物分布、药代动力学、内化和安全性。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了几种新的和改进的策略，在纳米载体的设计用于癌症治疗。
Cancer is one of the major causes of mortality worldwide and advanced techniques for therapy are urgently needed. The development of novel nanomaterials and nanocarriers has allowed a major drive to improve drug delivery in cancer. The major aim of most nanocarrier applications has been to protect the drug from rapid degradation after systemic delivery and allowing it to reach tumor site at therapeutic concentrations, meanwhile avoiding drug delivery to normal sites as much as possible to reduce adverse effects. These nanocarriers are formulated to deliver drugs either by passive targeting, taking advantage of leaky tumor vasculature or by active targeting using ligands that increase tumoral uptake potentially resulting in enhanced antitumor efficacy, thus achieving a net improvement in therapeutic index. The rational design of nanoparticles plays a critical role since structural and physical characteristics, such as size, charge, shape, and surface characteristics determine the biodistribution, pharmacokinetics, internalization and safety of the drugs. In this review, we focus on several novel and improved strategies in nanocarrier design for cancer therapy.