Source area and rupture parameters of the 31 December 1881 Mw = 7.9 Car Nicobar earthquake estimated from tsunamis recorded in the Bay of Bengal
Source area and rupture parameters of the 31 December 1881 Mw = 7.9 Car Nicobar earthquake estimated from tsunamis recorded in the Bay of Bengal
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根据孟加拉湾记录的海啸估算的 1881 年 12 月 31 日 Mw = 7.9 卡尼科巴地震的震源面积和破裂参数
DOI：
10.1029/2002jb001941
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发表时间：
2003
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. Bilham
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Ortiz;R. Bilham
[1] 1881 年 12 月 31 日上午，安达曼群岛下方发生海底地震，引发了孟加拉湾周围 8 个验潮仪记录的最大波峰高度为 0.8 m 的海啸。由于地震发生在世界上第一台远震记录地震仪建成之前 8 年，因此人们对其破裂参数或位置知之甚少。海啸的波形和振幅模型表明，海啸是由印度/安达曼板块边界上的 Mw = 7.9 ± 0.1 破裂引起的，导致卡尼科巴岛隆起 10-60 厘米。破裂由两部分组成：北部40公里长的部分与南部150公里长的部分被一个100公里的区域隔开，该区域对应于西安达曼扩张中心向西的投影。主破裂发生在北纬8.5°～10°N之间，总面积150 km×60 km，倾角20°E，平均滑移2.7 m。根据推断的 GPS 收敛速度和推断的板块闭合向量，1881 年类型事件的重现时间估计为 114-200 年，尽管该地区的滑移划分可能会使这一估计延长多达 30%。
[1] On the morning of 31 December 1881 a submarine earthquake beneath the Andaman Islands generated a tsunami with a maximum crest height of 0.8 m that was recorded by eight tide gauges surrounding the Bay of Bengal. Since the earthquake occurred 8 years before the construction of the world's first teleseismic recording seismometer, little has been known about its rupture parameters or location. Waveform and amplitude modeling of the tsunami indicate that it was generated by a Mw = 7.9 ± 0.1 rupture on the India/Andaman plate boundary resulting in 10–60 cm of uplift of the island of Car Nicobar. The rupture consisted of two segments: the northern 40-km-long segment is separated from the southern 150-km-long segment by a 100-km region corresponding to the westward projection of the West Andaman spreading center. The main rupture occurred between 8.5°N and 10°N with a total area of 150 km × 60 km dipping 20°E with a mean slip of 2.7 m. The recurrence time for 1881-type events is estimated to be 114–200 years on the basis of inferred GPS convergence rates and inferred plate closure vectors, although slip partitioning in the region may extend this estimate by as much as 30%.