Effect of maturation on oral breathing in sleeping premature infants.
Effect of maturation on oral breathing in sleeping premature infants.
复制标题
成熟对睡眠早产儿口呼吸的影响。
DOI：
10.1016/s0022-3476(86)80134-2
复制
发表时间：
1986
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Martin,RJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Miller,MJ;Carlo,WA;Strohl,KP;Fanaroff,AA;Martin,RJ
为了评估出生后成熟对口腔呼吸的影响，我们测量了11名早产儿睡眠期间的鼻和口腔通气以及对鼻塞的通气反应。在孕后31-32、33-34和35-36周重复研究。早产儿在睡眠中有罕见的自发口鼻呼吸。随着受孕后年龄的增加，鼻腔阻塞时的口呼吸频率增加，从31-32周的8%±8%增加到33-34周的26%±18%和35-36周的28%±33%。与足月儿不同，早产儿的经口呼吸以间歇性气道阻塞为特征，导致呼吸频率、潮气量、每分钟通气量和tcPo 2显著降低（P<0.005）。当比较鼻呼吸和口呼吸时的吸气阻力（R1）和呼气阻力（RE）时，R1从41±30增加到234±228（P<0.004），RE从62±16增加到145±43 cm H2O·L-1·sec（P<0.004）。因此，早产儿使用口腔呼吸途径的能力随着出生后成熟的提高而增加，但其有效性可能仍然受到高口腔气道阻力的限制。
To evaluate the influence of postnatal maturation on oral breathing, we measured nasal and oral ventilation during sleep and the ventillatory response to nasal occlusion in 11 preterm infants. Studies were repeated at 31–32, 33–34, and 35–36 weeks postconceptional age. Premature infants had rare episodes of spontaneous oronasal breathing during sleep. The frequency of oral breathing in response to nasal occlusion increased with advancing postconceptional age, from 8%±8% at 31–32 weeks to 26%±18% at 33–34 weeks and 28%±33% at 35–36 weeks. Oral breathing in preterm infants, unlike that in term infants, was characterized by intermittent airway obstruction leading to a significant decrease in respiratory rate, tidal volume, minute ventilation, and tcPo2(P<0.005). When inspiratory (R1) and expiratory (RE) resistances during nasal and oral breathing were compared, R1increased from 41±30 to 234±228 (P<0.004) and REfrom 62±16 to 145±43 cm H2O·L−1·sec (P<0.004). The ability of preterm infants to use the oral route of breathing thus increases with advancing postnatal maturation, but its effectiveness may remain limited by high oral airway resistance.