Effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on attention and working memory at 7.5 years of age
Effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on attention and working memory at 7.5 years of age
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DOI：
10.1097/01.alc.0000156125.50577.ec
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发表时间：
2005-03-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Jacobson, JL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Burden, MJ;Jacobson, SW;Jacobson, JL
背景：胎儿酒精暴露的儿童表现出广泛的注意力和神经心理学损伤。本研究的目的是调查的注意力功能的具体方面是最直接的影响，由中度到重度剂量的产前酒精exposure.Methods：共337名黑人儿童年龄为7.5岁，前瞻性地招募到过度代表产前酒精暴露在中度到重度水平进行了评估，在不同的电池的神经心理测试。主成分分析被用来复制和扩展Mirsky等人。1991年，他提出了注意力的四成分模型。产前酒精暴露的关系，以经验得出的注意constructs.Results：复制和扩展的注意。模型产生的解决方案类似于原始的Mirsky等人的模型，反映了编码（工作记忆），转移，集中和持续注意力的元素，以及反映冲动的独特成分。母亲饮酒在整个怀孕的不良影响，主要是工作记忆，这些影响加剧时，母亲年龄在30岁或以上的时候，孩子的birth.Conclusions：这些数据证实了以前的研究使用不同的方法，表明工作记忆可能是最重要的方面，注意力受到不利影响的产前酒精暴露。
Background: A broad range of attentional and neuropsychological impairments have been demonstrated in children with fetal alcohol exposure. This study was designed to investigate which specific aspects of attentional function are most directly affected by moderate to heavy doses of prenatal alcohol exposure.Methods: A total of 337 black children who were aged 7.5 years and recruited prospectively to over-represent prenatal alcohol exposure at moderate to heavy levels were assessed on a diverse battery of neuropsychological tests. Principal components analyses were used to replicate and extend Mirsky et al.'s (1991) four-component model of attention. The relation of prenatal alcohol exposure to empirically derived attentional constructs was examined.Results: Both the replicated and the extended attentional. models produced solutions similar to the original Mirsky et al. model, reflecting elements of encode (working memory), shift, and focused and sustained attention, as well as a distinct component reflecting impulsivity. Adverse effects of maternal drinking across pregnancy were found primarily for working memory, and these effects were exacerbated when mothers were aged 30 or older at the time of the child's birth.Conclusions: These data confirm previous studies using diverse methods that suggest that working memory may be the most important aspect of attention that is adversely affected by prenatal alcohol exposure.