Airway function and respiratory symptoms in sanitation workers.
Airway function and respiratory symptoms in sanitation workers.
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环卫工人的气道功能和呼吸道症状。
DOI：
10.1097/00043764-199605000-00013
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发表时间：
1996
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Budak,A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zuskin,E;Mustajbegovic,J;Schachter,EN;Kern,J;Pavicic,D;Budak,A
本文对81名环卫工人的急、慢性呼吸道症状和肺功能进行了调查。另外，对65名对照工人的慢性呼吸道症状和肺功能进行了研究。环卫工人慢性呼吸道症状患病率明显高于对照组。40岁以上的环卫工人（吸烟者和不吸烟者）的所有慢性呼吸道症状的患病率高于年轻工人。此外，环卫工人（包括吸烟者和不吸烟者）雇用10年或更长时间的慢性呼吸道症状的患病率显着高于对照组工人。环卫工人在轮班期间出现的急性症状也很普遍。在这些症状中，鼻子和喉咙干燥的患病率最高，其次是喉咙和眼睛刺激。肺功能检测显示，与对照组相比，81名环卫工人的用力肺活量（FVC）和第1秒用力呼气量（FEV 1）显著降低。这些差异只有在卫生行业工作10年或更长时间后才变得显著，并且不能完全用吸烟来解释。对于50%和最后25%的肺活量的最大流速，这些差异较小且无统计学显著性。我们的数据表明，环卫工人，特别是那些长期的工作，可能会出现急性和/或慢性呼吸道症状，伴随着肺功能下降（主要是FVC和FEV 1）。
The prevalence of acute and chronic respiratory symptoms and lung-function changes was studied in a group of 81 municipal sanitation workers. In addition, the prevalence of chronic respiratory symptoms and lung function was studied in 65 control workers. There were significantly higher prevalences of all chronic respiratory symptoms among the sanitation workers than among the control workers. Sanitation workers (smokers and nonsmokers) 40 years of age or older had higher prevalences of all chronic respiratory symptoms than younger workers. In addition, sanitation workers (both smokers and nonsmokers) employed for 10 years or longer had significantly higher prevalences of chronic respiratory symptoms than control workers. There was also a high prevalence of acute symptoms, which developed among the sanitation workers during work shifts. Of these symptoms, prevalences were highest for dryness of the nose and throat, followed by throat and eye irritation. Lung-function testing demonstrated significantly diminished forced vital capacity (FVC) and 1-second forced expiratory volume (FEV 1) for the 81 sanitation workers compared with control values. These differences only become significant after 10 or more years of employment in the sanitation industry and were not entirely explained by smoking. These differences were smaller and not statistically significant for maximum flow rates at 50% and the last 25% of the vital capacity. Our data suggest that sanitation workers-particularly those with long periods of work exposure-may develop acute and/or chronic respiratory symptoms accompanied by decreases in lung function (primarily FVC and FEV 1).