Unlocking Productive Entrepreneurship in Africa’s Least Developed Countries
Unlocking Productive Entrepreneurship in Africa’s Least Developed Countries
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释放非洲最不发达国家的生产性创业精神
DOI：
10.2139/ssrn.1650100
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Zuzana Brixiová
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Zuzana Brixiová
在非洲？在最不发达国家中，摆脱贫困和向较发达经济体的生活水平靠拢在很大程度上取决于结构转型和生产性创业精神的出现，这将加速增长和创造就业。然而，到目前为止，自给农业一直是这些国家的主要就业来源，而充满活力的工业或高附加值服务业私营部门仍然难以形成。利用流动的方法来劳动力市场，本文补充了经验文献和众多的调查中小企业（SME）的限制，并制定了一个理论框架，探讨在非洲创业的主要障碍？s最不发达国家。本文认为，鉴于产品和劳动力市场的持续摩擦以及这些经济体的特点技能短缺，生产性企业家精神的发展不能只留给市场。政策分析表明，国家可以发挥重要作用。目标明确的政府干预措施，包括培训潜在的企业家和工人，可以帮助建立更现代化和生产力更高的中小企业集群，非洲？s最不发达国家的需要。
In Africa???s least developed countries (LDCs), escape from poverty and convergence to living standards of more advanced economies depends critically on structural transformation and the emergence of productive entrepreneurship that would accelerate growth and job creation. So far, however, subsistence agriculture has been the main source of employment in these countries, while a dynamic private sector in industry or high value-added services has remained elusive. Utilizing the flow approach to labor markets, this paper complements the empirical literature and numerous surveys on small and medium enterprise (SME) constraints and develops a theoretical framework that examines the main obstacles to entrepreneurship in Africa???s LDCs. The paper posits that given the persistent frictions in product and labor markets as well as skill shortages that characterize these economies, development of productive entrepreneurship cannot be left to markets alone. The policy analysis suggests that the state has an important role to play. Well-targeted government interventions including training of potential entrepreneurs and workers can help establish more modern and highly productive SME clusters that Africa???s LDCs need.