Oncogenic cancer/testis antigens: prime candidates for immunotherapy.
Oncogenic cancer/testis antigens: prime candidates for immunotherapy.
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DOI：
10.18632/oncotarget.4694
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发表时间：
2015-06-30
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Ditzel HJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gjerstorff MF;Andersen MH;Ditzel HJ
最近的发展为免疫疗法作为传统癌症治疗的补充奠定了基础。因此，需要做出重大努力来进一步提高疗效和特异性，特别是确定用于临床测试的最佳治疗靶点。癌症/睾丸抗原是免疫原性的、高度癌症特异性的，并且经常在各种类型的癌症中表达，这使得它们成为癌症免疫治疗的有希望的候选靶标，包括癌症疫苗接种和具有嵌合T细胞受体的过继性T细胞转移。我们目前对肿瘤免疫学和免疫逃逸的理解表明，靶向致癌抗原可能是有益的，这意味着识别具有致癌特性的癌症/睾丸抗原具有高度优先级。我们实验室和其他实验室最近的工作提供了证据，证明许多癌症/睾丸抗原实际上具有致癌功能，包括支持生长，存活和转移。这种对癌症/睾丸抗原功能的新见解有可能提供更有效的癌症疫苗。此外，致癌癌症/睾丸抗原的免疫靶向与常规细胞毒性疗法或新型免疫疗法（例如检查点阻断或过继转移）相结合，代表了一种高度协同的方法，有可能提高患者的生存率。
Recent developments have set the stage for immunotherapy as a supplement to conventional cancer treatment. Consequently, a significant effort is required to further improve efficacy and specificity, particularly the identification of optimal therapeutic targets for clinical testing. Cancer/testis antigens are immunogenic, highly cancer-specific, and frequently expressed in various types of cancer, which make them promising candidate targets for cancer immunotherapy, including cancer vaccination and adoptive T-cell transfer with chimeric T-cell receptors. Our current understanding of tumor immunology and immune escape suggests that targeting oncogenic antigens may be beneficial, meaning that identification of cancer/testis antigens with oncogenic properties is of high priority. Recent work from our lab and others provide evidence that many cancer/testis antigens, in fact, have oncogenic functions, including support of growth, survival and metastasis. This novel insight into the function of cancer/testis antigens has the potential to deliver more effective cancer vaccines. Moreover, immune targeting of oncogenic cancer/testis antigens in combination with conventional cytotoxic therapies or novel immunotherapies such as checkpoint blockade or adoptive transfer, represents a highly synergistic approach with the potential to improve patient survival.