Transmuted Expertise: How Technical Non-Experts Can Assess Experts and Expertise
Transmuted Expertise: How Technical Non-Experts Can Assess Experts and Expertise
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转变的专业知识：非技术专家如何评估专家和专业知识
DOI：
10.1007/s10503-011-9217-8
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
Martin Weinel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Collins;Martin Weinel
成为技术领域的专家意味着获得与相关专门知识领域有关的默示知识，至少根据被称为“专门知识和经验研究”的方案(见)。我们只知道一种获得隐性知识的方法，那就是通过与拥有隐性知识的群体进行某种形式的持续社会联系。那些没有这种联系的人无法获得作出技术判断所需的专业知识。然而，他们可以利用社会专业知识在专家或专家声明之间做出判断。当社会专业知识被用来做出技术判断时，我们将其称为“变形专业知识”。描述和分析了各种转化的专门知识。
To become an expert in a technical domain means acquiring the tacit knowledge pertaining to the relevant domain of expertise, at least, according to the programme known as “Studies of Expertise and Experience” (SEE). We know only one way to acquire tacit knowledge and that is through some form of sustained social contact with the group that has it. Those who do not have such contact cannot acquire the expertise needed to make technical judgments. They can, however, use social expertise to judge between experts or expert claims. Where social expertise is used to make technical judgments we refer to it as “transmuted expertise”. The various kinds of transmuted expertise are described and analysed.