All or None Hypothesis: A Global-Default Mode That Characterizes the Brain and Mind
All or None Hypothesis: A Global-Default Mode That Characterizes the Brain and Mind
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DOI：
10.1037/a0014025
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Diamond, Adele
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Diamond, Adele
有人提出，心灵和大脑通常在一个粗略的水平上工作，只有在微调或抑制的情况下，才能以一种更有区别的方式发挥作用，即使人们可能认为发出全局命令的领域应该是不同的。这适用于认知科学和神经科学在儿童和成人中的不同发现。因此，切换所有内容或什么都不切换要比切换一件事（一个人遵循的规则或按下的按钮）而不是另一件事更容易。向两只手发出相同的命令比只移动一只手更容易。如果一个人需要对刺激的反面（或反义词）做出反应，如果正确的反应是对刺激的反面，那么他会更快。人们倾向于认为神经系统只向相关的接收者发送非常精确的命令，但似乎命令通常会在全球范围内发出，然后系统的某些部分需要被禁止执行命令。
It is proposed that the mind and brain often work at a gross level and only with fine tuning or inhibition act in a more differentiated manner, even when one might think the domains being issued the global command should be distinct. This applies to disparate findings in cognitive science and neuroscience in both children and adults. Thus, it is easier to switch everything, or nothing, than to switch one thing (the rule one is following or which button to press) but not the other. It is easier to issue the same command to both hands than to move only one hand. If one needs to respond to the opposite (or antonym) of a stimulus, one is faster if the correct response is to the side opposite the stimulus. People tend to think of the nervous system as sending out very precise commands only to the relevant recipient, but it appears that often the command goes out more globally and then parts of the system need to be inhibited from acting on the command.