Sex differences in serum steroid hormone levels during embryonic development in hen eggs
Sex differences in serum steroid hormone levels during embryonic development in hen eggs
复制标题
DOI：
10.3382/ps/pez270
复制
发表时间：
2019-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Xiang, Xiaole
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang, Yalan;Jin, Guofeng;Xiang, Xiaole
本试验旨在探讨孵化期鸡蛋血清类固醇激素水平随日龄和性别的差异，以鉴别鸡蛋的雌雄。用酶联免疫吸附法测定了8、10、12、14和16日龄鸡胚血清中雌酮（E1）、雌二醇（E2）、雌三醇（E3）、睾酮（T）、雄烯二酮（A4）和双氢睾酮（DHT）的浓度。在鸡胚发育过程中，蛋失重与日龄密切相关，与性别无关。但发现年龄和性别对激素水平均有显著影响，且对雄激素水平的影响更大。除E2、T外，E1、A4、DHT等激素水平与性别也有显著相关性（P < 0.05）。男性T水平及T/E2比值均显著高于女性（P < 0.05）。E1/E2比值在不同性别间表现出不同的变化趋势，男性升高，女性降低。雄激素和雌激素的分配比例在12 ~ 16日龄孵化后期保持稳定水平。主成分分析表明，雌、雄激素的性别差异在孵化后期更为明显。表明雌雄胚胎血清激素水平的差异在性别分化中起重要作用。这些研究结果不仅为蛋鸡品系受精卵性别鉴定提供了理论依据，而且有助于开发出一种无创性的受精卵性别鉴定方法，以满足现代商业化应用。
This experiment was conducted to explore the differences of serum steroid hormones with age and sex in hen eggs during incubation periods for identification of males and females. The concentrations of estrone (E1), estradiol (E2), estriol (E3), testosterone (T), androstenedione (A4), and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in serum were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays in chicken embryos on 8, 10, 12, 14, and 16 D, respectively. During the development of chicken embryo, egg weight loss was closely related to age but no sex. However, it was found that both age and sex significantly affected hormones and had obviously more effect on androgens levels. Besides E2 and T, other steroids such as E1, A4, and DHT were also significantly correlated with sex (P < 0.05). Notably, the level of T and the ratio of T to E2 were significantly higher in males than females (P < 0.05). The ratio of E1 to E2 displayed different trends in different sexes, which increased in males but decreased in females. The distribution proportions of androgens and estrogens kept stable level during the late hatching periods of 12 to 16 D. The sex differences of steroids were more obvious at the late hatching stage through PCA. These suggested that the serum hormones differences in male and female embryos played a vital role in sexual differentiation. These findings not only provided the theoretical basis for sex determination of fertilized eggs in egg-laying hen strains, but also contributed to develop a non-invasive way to sex determination of fertilized eggs to meet the modern commercial application.