Whole-genome resequencing reveals Brassica napus origin and genetic loci involved in its improvement
Whole-genome resequencing reveals Brassica napus origin and genetic loci involved in its improvement
复制标题
全基因组重测序揭示了甘蓝型油菜的起源和参与其改良的基因位点
DOI：
10.1038/s41467-019-09134-9
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发表时间：
2019-03-11
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Li, Jiana
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lu, Kun;Wei, Lijuan;Li, Jiana
甘蓝型油菜（Brassica napus，2n = 4x = 38，AACC）是由芜菁（Brassica rapa，2n = 2x = 20，AA）和甘蓝（Brassica oleracea，2n = 2x = 18，CC）种间杂交获得的一种重要的异源多倍体作物。然而，没有真正的野生B。欧洲油菜的种群是已知的，但其起源和改良过程仍不清楚。在这里，我们重新排序588 B。油菜种质我们发现，A亚基因组可能进化自欧洲芜菁的祖先，C亚基因组可能进化自球茎甘蓝、花椰菜、花椰菜和芥蓝的共同祖先。此外，冬季油料种子可能是B的原始形式。油菜。亚基因组特异性选择的防御反应基因的物种形成后的环境适应，而不对称的亚基因组选择导致了生态型的变化。通过整合全基因组关联研究、选择信号和转录组分析，我们确定了与提高抗逆性、含油量、种子质量和生态型改善相关的基因。它们是对B进行进一步功能表征和遗传改进的候选者。油菜。
Brassica napus (2n = 4x = 38, AACC) is an important allopolyploid crop derived from interspecific crosses between Brassica rapa (2n = 2x = 20, AA) and Brassica oleracea (2n = 2x = 18, CC). However, no truly wild B. napus populations are known; its origin and improvement processes remain unclear. Here, we resequence 588 B. napus accessions. We uncover that the A subgenome may evolve from the ancestor of European turnip and the C subgenome may evolve from the common ancestor of kohlrabi, cauliflower, broccoli, and Chinese kale. Additionally, winter oilseed may be the original form of B. napus. Subgenome-specific selection of defense-response genes has contributed to environmental adaptation after formation of the species, whereas asymmetrical subgenomic selection has led to ecotype change. By integrating genome-wide association studies, selection signals, and transcriptome analyses, we identify genes associated with improved stress tolerance, oil content, seed quality, and ecotype improvement. They are candidates for further functional characterization and genetic improvement of B. napus.