Geomorphological Landscapes of the World
Geomorphological Landscapes of the World
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DOI：
10.1007/978-90-481-3055-9
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发表时间：
2010-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
P. Migoń
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Migoń
砂拉越北部的古农穆鲁喀斯特拥有东南亚最长的洞穴。木鲁岩溶的溶洞通道多数为潜水成因，形成于汇与泉之间，形成一系列的环，穿过通道形成的顺层平面。木鲁砂岩的排水也向下侵入灰岩，在一个足够大的水力梯度下，使潜水管上升到100米，与其他层理平面相交。雨水直接落在石灰岩上，形成了竖井和侵入的渗透通道，这些通道与排水的潜水管相交，形成了一个三维的洞穴通道阵列。砂岩的排水也沿着与石灰岩的接触面横向运移，形成了一系列非常大的空腔，这些空腔的顶板坍塌形成了一系列非常大的白云石或天坑（天窗）。
The Gunung Mulu karst of northern Sarawak hosts some of the longest caves in Southeast Asia. The majority of the cave passages in the Mulu karst are of phreatic origin and formed between sinks and springs as a series of loops crossing the bedding planes along which the passages formed. Water draining off the Mulu Sandstone also invaded the limestone down-dip, under a hydraulic gradient large enough to facilitate phreatic tubes rising up to 100 m to intersect other bedding planes. Rain falling directly on the limestone massifs has created vertical shafts and invasion vadose passages, which intersected the drained phreatic tubes, creating a three-dimensional array of cave passages. The drainage off the sandstone also migrated laterally along the contact with the limestone to produce a series of very large cavities, whose roof collapse produced a series of very large dolines ortiankeng(sky windows).