Apoptosis of germ cells during human prenatal oogenesis
Apoptosis of germ cells during human prenatal oogenesis
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DOI：
10.1093/humrep/12.10.2235
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发表时间：
1997-10-01
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
Marzona, L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
De Pol, A;Vaccina, F;Marzona, L
在人类卵子发生过程中，可以观察到两个截然不同的过程：生殖细胞增殖和分化，以及同时发生的生殖细胞死亡。众所周知，细胞凋亡是发生在增殖和分化组织中的一种生理性细胞死亡。本研究的目的是通过对人类胎儿卵巢完整切片的超微结构和原位 3' 末端标记观察，证明胎儿躺卧期间生殖细胞的损失是由于细胞凋亡现象造成的。我们评估了受孕后 18-20 周胎儿卵巢中女性生殖细胞中程序性细胞死亡的存在情况。通过电子显微镜检测细胞凋亡过程中发生的变化，包括细胞质浓缩、细胞器重新定位和压缩、染色质浓缩，最后产生含有细胞内物质的膜封闭颗粒，称为凋亡小体，被吞噬。 DNA 断裂是凋亡细胞的特征，通过在卵巢组织切片上使用原位 3' 末端标记程序来检测，其中只有一些生殖细胞的细胞核呈阳性染色。在受孕后 18-20 周的人类卵巢上同时使用这两种方法使我们能够证明，胎儿时期人类女性生殖细胞数量的减少是由于细胞凋亡现象造成的。
During human oogenesis two contrasting processes can be observed: germ cell proliferation and differentiation, and contemporaneous germ cell death. It is well known that apoptosis is a type of physiological cell death that occurs in proliferating and differentiating tissues. The aim of this study is to demonstrate, through ultrastructural and insitu 3' end labelling observations in intact sections of human fetal ovaries, that germ cell loss during fetal lie is due to a phenomenon of apoptosis. We evaluated the presence of programmed cell death in female germ cells ire fetal ovaries at 18-20 weeks of postconceptional age. The alterations that occur during apoptosis were detected by the electron microscope and include cytoplasmic condensation, organelle relocalization and compaction, chromatin condensation, and finally, production of membrane-enclosed particles containing intracellular material, known as apoptotic bodies, that are phagocytosed. The fragmentation of DNA, characteristic of apoptotic cells, was detected by the use of the in-situ 3' end labelling procedure on histological sections of ovaries where only some nuclei of germ cells were positively stained. The parallel use of these two methods on human ovaries of 18-20 weeks postconceptional age has allowed us to show that the numerical decrease off human female germ cells during the fetal period is due to an apoptotic phenomenon.