Connectivity of sediment transport in a semiarid environment: a synthesis for the Upper Jaguaribe Basin, Brazil
Connectivity of sediment transport in a semiarid environment: a synthesis for the Upper Jaguaribe Basin, Brazil
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半干旱环境中沉积物输送的连通性：巴西上雅瓜里贝盆地的综合
DOI：
10.1007/s11368-014-0988-z
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发表时间：
1948
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
A. Bronstert
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. H. A. Medeiros;J. C. d. Araújo;G. L. Mamede;B. Creutzfeldt;A. Güntner;A. Bronstert
Purpose在半干旱的上Jaguaribe盆地，巴西进行的Hydrosedimentological研究，使识别的关键过程控制沉积物的连接在不同的空间尺度（100- 104 km 2）。材料和方法水和泥沙通量进行了评估流量，泥沙浓度和水库淤积测量。此外，数学建模（WASA-SED模型）被用来量化水和泥沙在watering.Results和discussionRainfall侵蚀力在研究区域是中等的（4600兆焦耳毫米公顷− 1小时− 1年−1），而径流深度（16-60毫米年−1），因此泥沙输运能力，是低的。因此，无论空间尺度如何，约60%的侵蚀沉积物都沿着景观沉积。现有的高密度水库网络（每个水库的贡献面积为6平方公里）也限制了沉积物的扩散，在大流域尺度上保留了高达47%的沉积物。泥沙输移比（SDR）随空间尺度的变化而减小;平均而言，41%的侵蚀泥沙来自山坡，而对于整个24，600-km 2流域，SDR在大型水库下游减少到1（1940-hm 3容量）。结论水文行为在上Jaguaribe盆地是一个限制沉积物传播;低径流深度是破坏沉积物连通性的主要特征，这限制了沉积物从山坡转移到排水系统。地表水库也是重要的屏障，但其对沉积物截留的相对重要性随着规模的增加而增加，因为较大的蓄水区更适合建造水坝，因为水文潜力更大。
PurposeHydrosedimentological studies conducted in the semiarid Upper Jaguaribe Basin, Brazil, enabled the identification of the key processes controlling sediment connectivity at different spatial scales (100–104km2).Materials and methodsWater and sediment fluxes were assessed from discharge, sediment concentrations and reservoir siltation measurements. Additionally, mathematical modelling (WASA-SED model) was used to quantify water and sediment transfer within the watershed.Results and discussionRainfall erosivity in the study area was moderate (4600 MJ mm ha−1h−1year−1), whereas runoff depths (16–60 mm year−1), and therefore the sediment transport capacity, were low. Consequently, ∼60 % of the eroded sediment was deposited along the landscape, regardless of the spatial scale. The existing high-density reservoir network (contributing area of 6 km2per reservoir) also limits sediment propagation, retaining up to 47 % of the sediment at the large basin scale. The sediment delivery ratio (SDR) decreased with the spatial scale; on average, 41 % of the eroded sediment was yielded from the hillslopes, while for the whole 24,600-km2basin, the SDR was reduced to 1 % downstream of a large reservoir (1940-hm3capacity).ConclusionsHydrological behaviour in the Upper Jaguaribe Basin represents a constraint on sediment propagation; low runoff depth is the main feature breaking sediment connectivity, which limits sediment transference from the hillslopes to the drainage system. Surface reservoirs are also important barriers, but their relative importance to sediment retention increases with scale, since larger contributing areas are more suitable for the construction of dams due to higher hydrological potential.
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