Reduction of secondhand tobacco smoke in public places following national smoke-free legislation in Uruguay
Reduction of secondhand tobacco smoke in public places following national smoke-free legislation in Uruguay
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DOI：
10.1136/tc.2009.034769
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发表时间：
2010-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Navas-Acien, Ana
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Blanco-Marquizo, Adriana;Goja, Beatriz;Navas-Acien, Ana
背景 无烟立法消除所有室内公共场所和工作场所的烟草烟雾，是保护所有人免受二手烟影响的国际标准。乌拉圭是美洲第一个国家，也是世界上第一个中等收入国家，于 2006 年 3 月颁布了全面的无烟国家立法。 目的 比较乌拉圭蒙得维的亚在国家立法实施之前（2002 年 11 月）和之后（2007 年 7 月）室内公共场所和工作场所测量的空气尼古丁浓度。医院、当地政府大楼、机场以及餐馆和酒吧。 2002 年和 2007 年分别提供了 100 个和 103 个尼古丁样品。 结果 研究样品中的空气尼古丁浓度中位数 (IQR) 2002 年为 0.75 (0.2-1.54) mu g/m(3)，而 2007 年为 0.07 (0.0-0.20) mu g/m(3)。根据房间容积和通风的差异进行调整后，2007 年采样地点与 2002 年采样地点的差异为 91%（95% CI 85% 至 94%）。尼古丁减少幅度最大的是学校（减少 97%），其次是机场（减少 94%）、医院（减少 89%）、当地政府大楼（减少 86%）和餐馆/酒吧（减少 81%）。 结论 在实施全面的国家无烟立法后，乌拉圭蒙得维的亚的室内公共场所和工作场所接触二手烟的情况大大减少。这些发现表明，在低收入和中等收入国家成功实施无烟立法是可能的。
Background Smoke-free legislation eliminating tobacco smoke in all indoor public places and workplaces is the international standard to protect all people from exposure to secondhand smoke. Uruguay was the first country in the Americas and the first middle-income country in the world to enact a comprehensive smoke-free national legislation in March 2006.Objective To compare air nicotine concentrations measured in indoor public places and workplaces in Montevideo, Uruguay before (November 2002) and after (July 2007) the implementation of the national legislation.Methods Air nicotine concentrations were measured for 7-14 days using the same protocol in schools, a hospital, a local government building, an airport and restaurants and bars. A total of 100 and 103 nicotine samples were available in 2002 and 2007, respectively.Results Median (IQR) air nicotine concentrations in the study samples were 0.75 (0.2-1.54) mu g/m(3) in 2002 compared to 0.07 (0.0-0.20) mu g/m(3) in 2007. The overall nicotine reduction comparing locations sampled in 2007 to those sampled in 2002 was 91% (95% CI 85% to 94%) after adjustment for differences in room volume and ventilation. The greatest nicotine reduction was observed in schools (97% reduction), followed by the airport (94% reduction), the hospital (89% reduction), the local government building (86% reduction) and restaurants/bars (81% reduction).Conclusion Exposure to secondhand smoke has decreased greatly in indoor public places and workplaces in Montevideo, Uruguay, after the implementation of a comprehensive national smoke-free legislation. These findings suggest that it is possible to successfully implement smoke-free legislations in low and middle-income countries.