Secular Trends in Energy and Macronutrient Intakes and Distribution among Adult Females (1991-2015): Results from the China Health and Nutrition Survey.
Secular Trends in Energy and Macronutrient Intakes and Distribution among Adult Females (1991-2015): Results from the China Health and Nutrition Survey.
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DOI：
10.3390/nu10020115
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发表时间：
2018-01-24
期刊：
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Zhang B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhao J;Su C;Wang H;Wang Z;Wang Y;Zhang B
随着中国营养状况的快速转变，女性的膳食摄入量和营养状况在过去的几十年里越来越受到关注。本研究旨在调查中国成年女性总能量和常量营养素摄入量的时间趋势。纵向数据来源于中国健康与营养调查(CHNS，1991-2015)。通过连续三天的膳食回忆技术获得能量和常量营养素的摄入量信息，并与中国人膳食参考摄入量(DRI)进行比较。采用混合效应模型来评估总能量和常量营养素摄入量的时间趋势。从1991年到2015年，所有成年女性的每日能量、蛋白质和碳水化合物摄入量显著减少(p<；0.001)。在本研究中，每日脂肪摄入量、来自脂肪的能量比例、来自脂肪的能量超过30%、来自碳水化合物的能量低于50%的女性比例显著增加(p<；0.001)。2015年，能量和蛋白质摄入量符合DRI的比例分别为47.0%和48.0%，低于DRI的碳水化合物和脂肪摄入量比例分别为45.5%和66.9%。为了改善中国女性的营养状况，还需要进一步的营养教育和政策干预。
With rapid nutrition transition in China, dietary intake and nutritional status of women has gained more and more attention in the past decades. This study aimed to investigate temporal trends of total energy and macronutrient intakes among Chinese adult females. The longitudinal data are from the Chinese Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS, 1991–2015). Information on the intake of energy and macronutrient was obtained from consecutive three-day dietary recall techniques and compared with the Chinese Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI). Mixed-effect models were performed to evaluate temporal trends of total energy and macronutrient intake. From 1991 to 2015, a significant reduction in daily energy, protein and carbohydrate intakes was seen among all adult females (p < 0.001). Daily fat intake, the proportion of energy from fat, the proportion of females consuming more than 30% of energy from fat and less than 50% of energy from carbohydrate were observed significant increment in the present study (p < 0.001). In 2015, the proportion met the DRI for energy and protein intakes were 47.0% and 48.0%, respectively; the proportion with lower carbohydrate and higher fat intakes compare with the DRI were 45.5% and 66.9%, respectively. Further nutritional education and policy interventions still needed to improve nutrition status for Chinese females.