Politics and the Olympic film documentary: the legacies of Berlin Olympia and Tokyo Olympiad
Politics and the Olympic film documentary: the legacies of Berlin Olympia and Tokyo Olympiad
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政治与奥林匹克电影纪录片：柏林奥林匹亚和东京奥林匹亚的遗产
DOI：
10.1080/17430430902944308
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发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
D. P. Martínez
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. P. Martínez
举办奥运会已经成为现代民族国家向国际社会展示自己的一种方式。如果我们接受这一真理，那么奥运电影的功能就是代表这种代表。这是什么意思？任何关于奥运电影遗产的讨论都只会让我们想起两部电影：第一部是莱妮·里芬斯塔尔的《奥林匹亚》（1938年），另一部是市川康的《东京奥运会》（1965年）。关于第一部电影，经常被问到的问题是：“民族国家的政治能从里芬斯塔尔的纪录片中分离出来吗？”我对这个问题的回答不是我们作为社会科学家是否能够将民族国家的政治与奥运会的拍摄分开，而是在我即将在这里考虑的两部纪录片中，这是一个困扰观众和评论家的问题，只与里芬斯塔尔的电影有关，但它也应该与市川的纪录片有关。那么问题就在于那些似乎能够超越国家政治的代表性，何时、如何以及为什么。本章旨在探讨市川电影更有益的阅读的原因，并考虑与奥运会及其纪录片相关的“回避神话”问题。
Hosting the olympics has become a way for a modern nation state to represent itself to the international community. If we accept this truism, it then follows that the Olympic film functions as a representation of that representation. What does this mean? Any discussion of the legacy of Olympic films brings to mind only two films that we might consider: the very first of the genre, Leni Riefenstahl's Olympia (1938), and Kon Ichikawa's Tokyo Olympiad (1965). The frequent question asked in relation to the first of these films is: ‘Can the politics of the nation-state be separated from the filmed representation of it in Riefensthal's documentary film?’ My response to this question is not whether we as social scientists can ever separate the nation-state's politics from the filming of its Olympics, but that in the two documentary films I am about to consider here, this has been the question that has plagued viewers and critics alike only in relation to Riefenstahl's film, yet it also should concern us in relation to Ichikawa's documentary. The question then is about representations that seem able to transcend national politics, when, how and why. This chapter seeks to explore the reasons for the more benigin reading of the Ichikawa film and to consider the issue of ‘evasive myths’ in relation to both the Olympic Games and their documentary films.