An analysis of regurgitation and reingestion in captive chimpanzees
An analysis of regurgitation and reingestion in captive chimpanzees
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DOI：
10.1016/0168-1591(96)01061-1
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发表时间：
1996-09-15
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Easley, SP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baker, KC;Easley, SP
异常行为。反流和再摄取（R/R）模式在黑猩猩（Pan troglodytes）中知之甚少。这项研究评估了13个室内居住的黑猩猩成对和三人生活的R/R。局灶性动物采样数据用于计算R/R、其他两类异常行为（含口腔成分和不含口腔成分的异常行为）和亲和性社会行为的评分。在85%的研究对象中观察到R/R，与先前发表的圈养黑猩猩种群调查相比，这一比例有所提高。R/R的上下文和时间模式表明，在许多情况下，这种行为的检测可能需要日常管理程序之外的观察。社会动荡并没有引起这种行为。统计学检验表明，R/R率和其他异常行为类的比率，时间从事亲和行为，笼或住房历史的数量的个体差异之间没有关系，也没有检测到性别差异。膳食组成不影响R/R时间。统计学检验确实显示了R/R率和自喂食以来的时间之间的强正相关关系。这些结果表明，增加膳食频率或提供持续可用的可食用材料可能比改变膳食组成更广泛有效。R/R的时间分布与异常行为的时间分布不同，这表明无聊、饥饿或其他压力来源等因素可能会不同程度地影响各类异常行为的表达。
The abnormal behavioral. pattern of regurgitation and reingestion (R/R) is poorly understood in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). This study assesses R/R in 13 indoor-housed chimpanzees living in pairs and trios. Focal animal sampling data were used to calculate scores for R/R, two other classes of abnormal behavior (abnormal behaviors with oral components and those without oral components), and affiliative social behavior. R/R was observed in 85% of study subjects, an elevated proportion in comparison to a previously published survey of captive chimpanzee populations. Contexts and temporal patterns of R/R suggest that detection of this behavior may in many cases require observations outside of daily management routines. Social disturbances did not elicit this behavior. Statistical tests showed no relationship between individual differences in R/R rates and rates of other abnormal behavior classes, time engaged in affiliative behaviors, number of cagemates or housing history; nor were sex differences detected. Meal composition was not found to effect the time devoted to R/R. Statistical tests did show a strong positive relationship between rates of R/R and elapsed time since feeding. These results suggest that increasing meal frequency or providing consistently available edible material may prove more broadly effective than altering meal composition. Temporal distributions of R/R differed from those of abnormal behaviors, suggesting that factors such as boredom, hunger or other sources of stress may differentially affect the expression of various classes of abnormal behavior.