The Archaeo-Ethnology of Hunter-Gatherers or the Tyranny of the Ethnographic Record in Archaeology
The Archaeo-Ethnology of Hunter-Gatherers or the Tyranny of the Ethnographic Record in Archaeology
复制标题
狩猎采集者的考古民族学或考古学中民族志记录的暴政
作者：
Martin H Wobst
在狩猎采集民族志文献中，许多关于空间、时间和行为的建构可能部分地取决于对民族志田野工作的严格限制。本文讨论了其中一些结构的起源，指出考古学家所使用的人类学理论往往是基于这些结构，或为这些结构而发展的，并建议其中一些结构可能对处理考古记录中表达的行为变异性不敏感，即使它们可以适合任何数据。它们在考古记录中的应用可能仅仅是一种带着铲子的民族志，其中民族志记录的形式和结构在考古记录中被复制。
Many of the constructs of space, time and behavior in the ethnographic literature on hunter-gatherers may be partly determined by the severe constraints on ethnographic fieldwork. This paper discusses the genesis of some of these constructs, points out that the anthropological theory consumed by archaeologists is often based on, or developed for these constructs, and suggests that some of these constructs may be insensitive to deal with behavioral variability expressed in the archeological record, even though they can be made to fit any data. Their application to the archaeological record may merely be ethnography with a shovel in which the form and the structure of the ethnographic record are reproduced in the archaeological one.