Executive function deficits in children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) measured using the Cambridge Neuropsychological Tests Automated Battery (CANTAB)
Executive function deficits in children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) measured using the Cambridge Neuropsychological Tests Automated Battery (CANTAB)
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.01990.x
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发表时间：
2009-06-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Reynolds, J. N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Green, C. R.;Mihic, A. M.;Reynolds, J. N.
慢性产前酒精暴露会对后代造成一系列有害影响，统称为胎儿酒精谱系障碍（FASD），并且FASD中普遍存在执行功能缺陷。这项研究的目的是验证一个假设，即FASD儿童在评估注意力、计划和空间工作记忆的任务中表现出表现缺陷。被诊断为胎儿酒精综合征（FAS）、部分FAS （pFAS）或酒精相关神经发育障碍（ARND）的8-15岁男性和女性儿童，以及年龄和性别匹配的对照组，完成了从剑桥神经心理测试自动化电池（CANTAB(R)）中选择的四项任务。与年龄匹配的对照组儿童（n = 92）相比，FASD受试者（n = 89）表现出更长的反应和决策时间（效应大小范围；Cohen’s d = 0.51 ~ 0.91）。73)，表明注意力不足。FASD儿童表现出计划和空间工作记忆的缺陷，当任务难度增加时，这种缺陷变得更加明显。在本研究人群中，最大的效应量出现在空间工作记忆任务中（Cohen’s d = 1.1）。只有一个结果测量显示诊断亚组之间的差异，尽管所有组都与对照组不同。这项研究表明，FASD儿童在多个执行功能领域的缺陷，包括设定转移、计划和策略使用、注意力和空间工作记忆，可以通过一个易于管理的、简短的基于计算机的神经心理学任务来评估。这些任务似乎对产前酒精暴露导致的脑损伤同样敏感，无论是否存在面部畸形。
Chronic prenatal alcohol exposure causes a spectrum of deleterious effects in offspring, collectively termed fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD), and deficits in executive function are prevalent in FASD. The goal of this research was to test the hypothesis that children with FASD exhibit performance deficits in tasks that assess attention, planning and spatial working memory.Subjects (8-15 years male and female children) with a diagnosis of fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS), partial FAS (pFAS), or alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder (ARND), and age- and sex-matched controls, completed four tasks selected from the Cambridge Neuropsychological Tests Automated Battery (CANTAB((R))).Compared with age-matched control children (n = 92), subjects with FASD (n = 89) exhibited longer reaction and decision times (effect size range; Cohen's d = .51 to .73), suggesting deficits in attention. Children with FASD demonstrated deficits in planning and spatial working memory that became more pronounced when task difficulty increased. The largest effect size in this study population (Cohen's d = 1.1) occurred in the spatial working memory task. Only one outcome measure revealed differences across the diagnostic subgroups, although all groups were different from control.This study demonstrates that deficits in multiple executive function domains, including set shifting, planning and strategy use, attention and spatial working memory, can be assessed in children with FASD using an easy to administer, brief battery of computer-based neuropsychological tasks. The tasks appear to be equally sensitive for brain injury resulting from prenatal exposure to alcohol, regardless of the presence of facial dysmorphology.