Past constraints on the vulnerability of marine calcifiers to massive carbon dioxide release
Past constraints on the vulnerability of marine calcifiers to massive carbon dioxide release
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DOI：
10.1038/ngeo755
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发表时间：
2010-03-01
影响因子：
18.3
通讯作者：
Schmidt, Daniela N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ridgwell, Andy;Schmidt, Daniela N.
海水中二氧化碳浓度的增加正在推动海洋的逐渐酸化(1)。虽然表层和深水中碳酸盐化学的相关变化可能对海洋钙化生物产生不利影响（2-4），但目前的实验并不总是对给定物种产生一致的结果(5)。海洋沉积物记录了过去对短暂的温室变暖和海洋酸化的生物反应。例如，在古新世-始新世热极大期，底栖钙化生物的生物多样性显著减少（6,7），而地面生物的灭绝非常有限（8,9）。在这里，我们使用地球系统模型GENIE-1来模拟和比较海洋领域过去和现在的环境变化。在我们对未来海洋条件的模拟中，我们发现深海中碳酸盐的欠饱和超过了古新世-始新世热最大值期间的情况，并可能危及钙化生物。此外，我们的模拟显示，未来地表环境变化的速率比古新世-始新世的热最大值要高，这可能会对浮游生物的适应能力构成潜在的挑战。
Increasing concentrations of carbon dioxide in sea water are driving a progressive acidification of the ocean(1). Although the associated changes in the carbonate chemistry of surface and deep waters may adversely affect marine calcifying organisms(2-4), current experiments do not always produce consistent results for a given species(5). Ocean sediments record past biological responses to transient greenhouse warming and ocean acidification. During the Palaeocene-Eocene thermal maximum, for example, the biodiversity of benthic calcifying organisms decreased markedly(6,7), whereas extinctions of surface dwellers were very limited(8,9). Here we use the Earth system model GENIE-1 to simulate and compare directly past and present environmental changes in the marine realm. In our simulation of future ocean conditions, we find an undersaturation with respect to carbonate in the deep ocean that exceeds that experienced during the Palaeocene-Eocene thermal maximum and could endanger calcifying organisms. Furthermore, our simulations show higher rates of environmental change at the surface for the future than the Palaeocene-Eocene thermal maximum, which could potentially challenge the ability of plankton to adapt.