Entry and Exit in the Nonprofit Sector
Entry and Exit in the Nonprofit Sector
复制标题
非营利部门的进入和退出
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Christopher A. Laincz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Teresa D. Harrison;Christopher A. Laincz
摘要本文利用1989-2003年的纳税申报数据，研究了非营利公共慈善机构的进入和退出动态。可以使用基于Jovanovic（1982）的动态行业模型来理解观察到的模式，该模型包含利润偏离和非再分配约束。这两个特点产生了一个高的退出门槛，这意味着高净进入率和低退出率。数据显示，非营利组织的毛进入率低于服务业的营利性组织，而极低的退出率（跨行业和时间）导致净进入率比营利性公司高出近3倍。我们发现，新的公共慈善机构的行为与私人公司的研究非常相似（例如，新公司开始比行业平均值小，但增长更快）。然而，退出模式大相径庭。除了相对较低的退出率，新的非营利公司的生存率大大超过了服务业和制造业的研究。此外，我们发现，退出的风险率下降与年龄和大小，并与大小的条件下的年龄。
Abstract We study the entry and exit dynamics of nonprofit public charities using 1989-2003 tax return data. The observed patterns can be understood using a dynamic industry model based on Jovanovic (1982) that incorporates profit-deviation and a non-redistribution constraint. Both features generate a high exit threshold which implies high net entry rates and low exit rates. The data reveal that nonprofit gross entry rates are lower than those of for-profits in services, while extremely low exit rates (across both sectors and time) result in net entry rates nearly 3 times larger than that of for-profit firms. We find that the behavior of new public charities is remarkably similar to that found in studies of private firms (e.g. new firms begin smaller than the industry mean, but grow faster). However, exit patterns diverge sharply. Besides relatively low exit rates, the survival rate of new nonprofit firms greatly exceeds those found in studies on services and manufacturing. In addition we find that the hazard rate of exit declines with age and size, and with size conditional on age.