Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern: A review on its transmissibility, immune evasion, reinfection, and severity.
Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern: A review on its transmissibility, immune evasion, reinfection, and severity.
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DOI：
10.1097/md.0000000000029165
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发表时间：
2022-05-13
期刊：
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Mahmud, Sultan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mohsin, Md;Mahmud, Sultan
新冠病毒变种欧米克隆已经在许多国家占据主导地位，并以前所未有的速度传播。本研究的目的是回顾现有的关于Omicron的传播性、免疫逃避、再感染和严重程度的文献。使用“PubMed”、“Web of Science”、“Scopus”、“ScienceDirect”、“谷歌Scholar”、“medRxiv”和“bioRxiv”进行文献搜索。数据提取自至少报道以下一项的文章：传播性、免疫逃避、再感染和与Omicron相关的严重程度。我们发现欧米克隆的传播速度比其他变异都快。这种较高的传播性可归因于它具有非凡的能力，可以逃避疫苗接种和以前感染所产生的免疫。然而，我们发现由Omicron引起的感染比由Delta和其他先前变体引起的感染严重得多。我们观察到，与Delta或其他变异相比，Omicron感染的住院率、重症监护病房入院率和机械呼吸机使用率显著降低。在欧米克隆感染中也观察到较短的中位住院时间和较低的死亡率。尽管Omicron有更高的逃避免疫的可能性，但研究发现疫苗和加强针在预防严重的Covid-19感染方面仍然非常有效。染色体可能没有其他变体那么严重。然而，它的免疫逃避性和快速传播对全球卫生保健系统构成了巨大威胁。
Omicron, the new Covid-19 variant, has already become dominant in many countries and is spreading at an unprecedented speed. The objective of this study was to review the existing literature on Omicron's transmissibility, immune evasion, reinfection, and severity. A literature search was performed using “PubMed,” “Web of Science,” “Scopus,” “ScienceDirect,” “Google Scholar,” “medRxiv,” and “bioRxiv.” Data were extracted from articles that reported at least one of the following: transmissibility, immune evasion, reinfection, and severity related to Omicron. We found that Omicron spread faster than any other variant. This higher transmissibility can be ascribed to its extraordinary ability to evade the immunity developed by both vaccination and previous infections. However, we found that infections by Omicron were significantly less severe than those caused by Delta and other previous variants. We observed a significantly lower incidence of hospitalization, intensive care unit admission, and mechanical ventilator use in Omicron infections than in Delta or other variants. A substantially shorter median hospital stay and lower fatality rate were also observed in the Omicron infections. Despite Omicron's higher potential to evade immunity, vaccines and booster shots were found to be still significantly effective in protecting against severe Covid-19 infections. Omicrons may be less severe than other variants of concern. However, its immune evasiveness and rapid spread pose an enormous threat to the global healthcare system.