Mechanically Activated Ion Channels.
Mechanically Activated Ion Channels.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuron.2015.08.032
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发表时间：
2015-09-23
期刊：
影响因子：
16.2
通讯作者：
Patapoutian A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ranade SS;Syeda R;Patapoutian A
机械转导，将物理力转化为生化信号，是许多生理过程的重要组成部分，不仅包括触觉和听觉的有意识感觉，还包括血压调节等无意识感觉。机械激活（MA）离子通道已被提议作为物理力的传感器，但这些通道的身份和机械力如何转导的理解仍然难以捉摸。最近对先前已知的离子通道的一些研究沿着新的MA离子通道的鉴定极大地改变了我们对脊椎动物和无脊椎动物中的触觉和听觉的理解。在这里，我们提出了一个更新的审查真核细胞的离子通道家族已牵连在mechanotransduction过程和评估的资格的候选基因，根据指定的标准。然后，我们讨论了MA离子通道的门控模型，并强调最近的机械敏感性钾通道的结构研究。
Mechanotransduction, the conversion of physical forces into biochemical signals, is an essential component of numerous physiological processes including not only conscious senses of touch and hearing, but also unconscious senses such as blood pressure regulation. Mechanically activated (MA) ion channels have been proposed as sensors of physical force, but the identity of these channels and an understanding of how mechanical force is transduced has remained elusive. A number of recent studies on previously known ion channels along with the identification of novel MA ion channels have greatly transformed our understanding of touch and hearing in both vertebrates and invertebrates. Here, we present an updated review of eukaryotic ion channel families that have been implicated in mechanotransduction processes and evaluate the qualifications of the candidate genes according to specified criteria. We then discuss the proposed gating models for MA ion channels and highlight recent structural studies of mechanosensitive potassium channels.