Protoplasmic astrocytes in CA1 stratum radiatum occupy separate anatomical domains
Protoplasmic astrocytes in CA1 stratum radiatum occupy separate anatomical domains
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.22-01-00183.2002
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发表时间：
2002-01-01
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Ellisman, MH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bushong, EA;Martone, ME;Ellisman, MH
越来越多的人认为原生质星形胶质细胞与大脑中的神经元元件广泛相互作用并影响其活性。最近的报告也开始表明，生理上，也许功能上，不同形式的这些细胞可能存在于中枢神经系统。我们目前对星形胶质细胞形式和分布的了解主要基于使用星形胶质细胞标记物胶质纤维酸性蛋白（GFAP）的研究和使用金属浸渍技术的研究。基于使用这些方法的研究，普遍的观点是星形胶质细胞过程广泛重叠，主要共享潜在的神经元。然而，这两种技术在可视化这些结构复杂的细胞之间的相互作用方面都存在严重的缺点。在本研究中，细胞内注射结合免疫组化GFAP显示，GFAP描绘的星形胶质细胞的总体积只有15%左右。因此，基于GFAP的图像导致了关于相邻星形胶质细胞过程相互作用的错误结论。为了详细研究这些相互作用，在CA 1层辐射相邻的原生质星形胶质细胞组注射不同的发射波长的荧光细胞内示踪剂，并使用三维（3D）共聚焦分析和电子显微镜进行分析。我们的研究结果表明，原生质星形胶质细胞建立主要是排他性的领土。原生质星形胶质细胞的复杂形态如何影响其与其他星形胶质细胞，少突胶质细胞，神经元和血管系统的大脑的三维关系的知识应该有重要的意义，为我们了解神经系统功能。
Protoplasmic astrocytes are increasingly thought to interact extensively with neuronal elements in the brain and to influence their activity. Recent reports have also begun to suggest that physiologically, and perhaps functionally, diverse forms of these cells may be present in the CNS. Our current understanding of astrocyte form and distribution is based predominately on studies that used the astrocytic marker glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and on studies using metal-impregnation techniques. The prevalent opinion, based on studies using these methods, is that astrocytic processes overlap extensively and primarily share the underlying neuropil. However, both of these techniques have serious shortcomings for visualizing the interactions among these structurally complex cells. In the present study, intracellular injection combined with immunohistochemistry for GFAP show that GFAP delineates only similar to 15% of the total volume of the astrocyte. As a result, GFAP-based images have led to incorrect conclusions regarding the interaction of processes of neighboring astrocytes. To investigate these interactions in detail, groups of adjacent protoplasmic astrocytes in the CA1 stratum radiatum were injected with fluorescent intracellular tracers of distinctive emissive wavelengths and analyzed using three-dimensional (3D) confocal analysis and electron microscopy. Our findings show that protoplasmic astrocytes establish primarily exclusive territories. The knowledge of how the complex morphology of protoplasmic astrocytes affects their 3D relationships with other astrocytes, oligodendroglia, neurons, and vasculature of the brain should have important implications for our understanding of nervous system function.