Does Equilibrium Passive Sampling Reflect Actual in Situ Bioaccumulation of PAHs and Petroleum Hydrocarbon Mixtures in Aquatic Worms?
Does Equilibrium Passive Sampling Reflect Actual in Situ Bioaccumulation of PAHs and Petroleum Hydrocarbon Mixtures in Aquatic Worms?
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DOI：
10.1021/es202951w
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发表时间：
2012-01-17
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Jonker, Michiel T. O.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Muijs, Barry;Jonker, Michiel T. O.
在过去的几年里，已经开发了几种分析方法来评估沉积物和土壤中环境污染物的生物利用度。比较研究表明，平衡被动采样方法通常能更好地估计生物体内的内部浓度，从而更好地估计随后的风险。然而，验证被动采样预测实际原位生物累积潜力的实地研究很少，而且仅存在关于选定的个别化合物的有限信息。本研究调查是否可以预测与被动采样器适当的生物累积的多环芳烃和复杂的石油烃混合物在现场暴露的水生蠕虫。为此，在水生蠕虫在6个多环芳烃污染的位置和8个石油烃（油）污染的位置的原位生物累积进行了比较，在原位固相微萃取（SPME）应用程序的结果。对于石油污染的沉积物，也在实验室中用聚甲醛固相萃取（POM-SPE）评估了生物累积性。实际PAR的生物累积一般预测在4的因素与原位SPME，使用温度调整SPME纤维-水分配系数和实验室衍生的生物累积因子（BAF）的蠕虫物种，证明该方法的潜力在现场条件下。然而，与实验室中的POM-SPE相比，原位SPME似乎不太适合预测石油的生物累积，POM-SPE在3倍内评估了原位石油生物累积，同时也密切反映了蠕虫积累的石油沸点馏分（烃块分布）的实际分布。总之，研究结果表明，（特定）平衡被动采样器，无论是在现场或实验室应用，具有很大的潜力，用于评估从现场污染沉积物的环境污染物混合物的生物累积。
Over the past couple of years, several analytical methods have been developed for assessing the bioavailability of environmental contaminants in sediments and soils. Comparison studies suggest that equilibrium passive sampling methods generally provide the better estimates of internal concentrations in organisms and thus of subsequent risks. However, field studies to validate the potential of passive sampling to predict actual in situ bioaccumulation are scarce and limited information only exists on selected, individual compounds. The present study investigated whether bioaccumulation of PAH and complex petroleum hydrocarbon mixtures in field-exposed aquatic worms could be predicted properly with passive samplers. To this end, in situ bioaccumulation in aquatic worms at 6 PAH-contaminated locations and 8 petroleum hydrocarbon (oil)-contaminated locations was compared with the results of in situ solid phase micro extraction (SPME) applications. For the oil-contaminated sediments, bioaccumulation was also assessed in the lab with polyoxymethylene solid phase extraction (POM-SPE). Actual PAR bioaccumulation was generally predicted within a factor of 4 with in situ SPME, using temperature-adjusted SPME fiber-water partition coefficients and lab-derived bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) for the worm species used, demonstrating the method's potential under field conditions. In situ SPME appeared to be less suitable for predicting bioaccumulation of oil however, in contrast to POM-SPE in the lab, which assessed in situ oil bioaccumulation within a factor of 3, while also closely reflecting the actual distribution of oil boiling point fractions (the hydrocarbon block profile) as accumulated by the worms. All in all, the results indicated that (specific) equilibrium passive samplers, either applied in the field or the lab, have great potential for assessing bioaccumulation of environmental contaminant mixtures from field-contaminated sediments.