A Wide Planetary Mass Companion Discovered through the Citizen Science Project Backyard Worlds: Planet 9-猫眼课题宝

DOI：

10.3847/1538-4357/ac2499

发表时间：

2021-12

期刊：

The Astrophysical Journal

影响因子：

通讯作者：

中科院分区：

其他

文献类型：

作者：

J. Faherty;J. Gagné;Mark Popinchalk;J. Vos;A. Burgasser;Jorg Schumann;A. Schneider;J. Kirkpatrick;A. Meisner;M. Kuchner;D. B. Gagliuffi;F. Marocco;D. Caselden;Eileen C. Gonzales;A. Rothermich;S. Casewell;J. Debes;C. Aganze;Andrew Ayala;C. Hsu;W. J. Cooper;R. Smart;R. Gerasimov;C. Theissen;T. P. Collaboration

通过后院的世界：行星9公民科学项目，我们发现了一颗新型的L矮星，它与年轻的K0恒星BD+601417共同运动，预计距离为37“或1662Au。在CatWISE2020和2MASS拒收表中都检测到次要的CWISER J124332.12+600126.2(W1243)。光度距离和CatWISE本身的运动都与∼1σ内的初级星体匹配，我们对机会排列的估计产生零概率。后续的近红外光谱显示，W1243是一个非常红的2MASS(J-K S=2.72)，低表面重力源，我们将其归类为L6-L8γ。它的光谱形态与已确认的晚型L矮星在10-150Myr运动群中的光谱形态以及行星质量伴星的光谱形态非常相似。近红外和中红外彩色星等图上的位置表明，震源比场序更红更暗，这是一个有着厚厚云层和复杂大气的物体的迹象。对于初级实验，我们获得了新的光学光谱，并分析了所有可获得的青年指标的文献信息。我们认为，Li I丰度及其在色星和色彩图上的轨迹，以及在多个TESS扇区揭示的自转速度都与50-150 Myr年龄一致。利用我们重新估算的初级视差和Gaia视差，以及对W1243的测光和光谱，我们得到Tef=1303±31K，logg=4.3±0.17 cm S−2，质量为15±5M JUP。我们发现该体系的物理分离系数为∼1662Au，质量比为∼0.01。把它放在双星、棕矮星和行星伴星的不同集合中，BD+60 1417系统落在一个稀疏采样的区域，很难评估形成路径。

Through the Backyard Worlds: Planet 9 citizen science project we discovered a late-type L dwarf co-moving with the young K0 star BD+60 1417 at a projected separation of 37″ or 1662 au. The secondary—CWISER J124332.12+600126.2 (W1243)—is detected in both the CatWISE2020 and 2MASS reject tables. The photometric distance and CatWISE proper motion both match that of the primary within ∼1σ and our estimates for a chance alignment yield a zero probability. Follow-up near-infrared spectroscopy reveals W1243 to be a very red 2MASS (J–K s = 2.72), low surface gravity source that we classify as L6–L8γ. Its spectral morphology strongly resembles that of confirmed late-type L dwarfs in 10–150 Myr moving groups as well as that of planetary mass companions. The position on near- and mid-infrared color–magnitude diagrams indicates the source is redder and fainter than the field sequence, a telltale sign of an object with thick clouds and a complex atmosphere. For the primary we obtained new optical spectroscopy and analyzed all available literature information for youth indicators. We conclude that the Li i abundance, its loci on color–magnitude and color–color diagrams, and the rotation rate revealed in multiple TESS sectors are all consistent with an age of 50–150 Myr. Using our re-evaluated age of the primary and the Gaia parallax, along with the photometry and spectrum for W1243, we find T eff = 1303 ± 31 K, log g = 4.3 ± 0.17 cm s−2, and a mass of 15 ± 5 M Jup. We find a physical separation of ∼1662 au and a mass ratio of ∼0.01 for this system. Placing it in the context of the diverse collection of binary stars, brown dwarfs, and planetary companions, the BD+60 1417 system falls in a sparsely sampled area where the formation pathway is difficult to assess.

A Wide Planetary Mass Companion Discovered through the Citizen Science Project Backyard Worlds: Planet 9

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