Viability and genetic diversity of Populus nigra population from riparian forest in SNR Gornje Podunavlje
Viability and genetic diversity of Populus nigra population from riparian forest in SNR Gornje Podunavlje
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DOI：
10.12657/denbio.078.015
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发表时间：
2017-09
期刊：
影响因子：
0.9
通讯作者：
Dijana Čortan;B. Tubić
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dijana Čortan;B. Tubić
黑杨是西欧和中欧最稀有、最濒危的树种之一。其遗传多样性对于当地河岸种群在不断变化的环境条件下生存和繁殖至关重要。这项研究的目的是评估欧洲保存最完好的河岸生态系统之一——塞尔维亚“Gornje Podunavlje”（多瑙河上游）特别自然保护区中黑松的生存能力。此外，还对遗传多样性进行了分析，为今后的有效保护提供支持。在我们的研究过程中，我们绘制了 931 棵黑杨树的地图，用于评估目前的本地种群。此外，我们使用 14 个微卫星标记来评估该群体的遗传结构。生存力评估显示，尽管结果显示碎片化，但研究区域内存在大量黑杨。黑杨大多单独或以小群的形式出现，并且由于再生不足或缺乏而具有不可持续的年龄结构。尽管研究种群规模有限，但明显的总体遗传多样性很高（He = 0.759），与多瑙河盆地其他已知的黑杨本土种群相当。然而，结果也证实了近期瓶颈效应的存在。注意到显着正且相当高的 Fis 值 (0.147)，这可能归因于“Wahlund 效应”，因为结构分析 (K=2) 揭示了人口亚结构。尽管结果表明，原生林分的覆盖率并不那么乐观，但我们评估的研究中大多数选定的树木都表现出良好的生存能力，具有自然繁殖的潜力。然而，问题是适合自然幼苗建立的区域很少，因此基因流可能有限。必须减少该区域的碎片化，并且必须将孤立的林地相互连接，因为需要创建更大的非碎片化区域。
Populus nigra L. is one of the rarest and most endangered tree species in Western and Central Europe. Its genetic diversity is of great importance in enabling a native riparian population to survive and reproduce under changing environmental conditions. The aim of this research was assessment of P. nigra viability in one of the best preserved riparian ecosystems in Europe, Special Nature Reserve “Gornje Podunavlje” (Upper Danube), Serbia. Additionally, the analysis of the genetic diversity was made to support the effective conservation in the future. During our study, we have mapped 931 P. nigra trees, which were used for the assessment of present native population. Furthermore, we used 14 microsatellite markers to assess the genetic structure of this this population. Viability assessment showed considerable occurrence of P. nigra in the research area, even though the results show fragmentation. P. nigra occurs mostly individually or in small groups of trees, and has a non-sustainable age structure due to insufficient or lacking regeneration. Despite the limited size of the studied population, the apparent overall genetic diversity was high (He = 0.759) and comparable to other known native populations of P. nigra along the Danube basin. However, the results also confirmed existence of recent bottleneck effect. Significantly positive and quite high Fis value (0.147) was noted, which may be ascribed to the “Wahlund effect” because of the population substructure that was revealed by the STRUCTURE analysis (K=2). Although results say that coverage of native stands is not so promising, most of selected trees within our research assessed showed good viability with potential for natural reproduction However, the problem is that suitable areas for natural seedling establishment are scarce and with that gene flow is probably limited. The fragmentation of the area must be reduced and isolated stands must be interlinked as there is need to create larger non-fragmented areas.