Implementation Science to Respond to the COVID-19 Pandemic
Implementation Science to Respond to the COVID-19 Pandemic
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DOI：
10.3389/fpubh.2020.00462
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发表时间：
2020-09-02
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Weiner, Bryan J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Means, Arianna Rubin;Wagner, Anjuli D.;Weiner, Bryan J.
新冠肺炎疫情继续在全球蔓延，需要国家和地方政府采取大规模的公共卫生应对措施。这些机构采取了不同的应对方法，包括何时以及如何引入和执行循证干预措施--如社交距离、洗手、个人防护装备和检测。在这篇评论中，我们反思了实施科学为应对新冠肺炎大流行做出有意义贡献的机会。我们以个人防护装备储存和供应管理为例，回顾应急准备规划中错失的机会；通过建立共识的过程图、模拟的微观规划和利益攸关方的参与，本可以加强这一规划。我们提出了当前的行动机会，重点是提高洗手和社交距离的采用率、保真度和可持续性；我们可以结合定性数据、政策分析和传播科学，为灵活和快速调整社交营销战略提供信息，以增强其渗透率。我们期待未来在决策中加强新证据的整合，重点放在血清学和病毒学测试系统上；我们可以利用模拟和其他系统工程建模来确定理想的系统结构。最后，我们讨论了新冠肺炎大流行如何挑战实施科学，使其方法变得更加迅速、严格和灵活，并与公共卫生实践相结合。总而言之，我们阐明了实施科学可以向新冠肺炎大流行提供信息并从中获得信息的方式，回顾过去，提出目前的行动和未来的方法。
The COVID-19 pandemic continues to expand globally, requiring massive public health responses from national and local governments. These bodies have taken heterogeneous approaches to their responses, including when and how to introduce and enforce evidence-based interventions-such as social distancing, hand-washing, personal protective equipment (PPE), and testing. In this commentary, we reflect on opportunities for implementation science to contribute meaningfully to the COVID-19 pandemic response. We reflect backwards on missed opportunities in emergency preparedness planning, using the example of PPE stockpiling and supply management; this planning could have been strengthened through process mapping with consensus-building, microplanning with simulation, and stakeholder engagement. We propose current opportunities for action, focusing on enhancing the adoption, fidelity, and sustainment of hand washing and social distancing; we can combine qualitative data, policy analysis, and dissemination science to inform agile and rapid adjustment to social marketing strategies to enhance their penetration. We look to future opportunities to enhance the integration of new evidence in decision-making, focusing on serologic and virologic testing systems; we can leverage simulation and other systems engineering modeling to identify ideal system structures. Finally, we discuss the ways in which the COVID-19 pandemic challenges implementation science to become more rapid, rigorous, and nimble in its approach, and integrate with public health practice. In summary, we articulate the ways in which implementation science can inform, and be informed by, the COVID-19 pandemic, looking backwards, proposing actions for the moment, and approaches for the future.