How safe are federal regulations on occupational alcohol use?
How safe are federal regulations on occupational alcohol use?
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DOI：
10.1057/palgrave.jphp.3200104
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发表时间：
2006-01-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Greece, Jacey
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Howland, Jonathan;Almeida, Alissa;Greece, Jacey
目前，美国联邦关于职业性酒精使用的安全敏感工作法规没有考虑到低剂量酒精的损害和第二天大量饮酒的影响。关于低剂量酒精对神经认知和模拟职业任务的影响的研究表明，目前这些规定本身的水平定得过高。关于大量饮酒对第二天神经认知和模拟职业表现的影响的研究结果喜忧参半，这表明需要进一步的研究来确定目前“从瓶子到油门”时间的安全性。虽然低剂量和残留的饮酒效应可能造成职业错误的相对风险较低，但鉴于受照射的人数，这些照射对工作场所问题的总体贡献可能很大。
Current US federal regulations on occupational alcohol use for safety-sensitive jobs do not account for impairment from low doses of alcohol and next day effects of heavy drinking. Research on the effects of low doses of alcohol on neurocognitive and simulated occupational tasks suggests that the current per se level of these regulations is set too high. Research on the effects of heavy drinking on next-day neurocognitive and simulated occupational performance is mixed and suggests that further research is needed to determine the safety of current "bottle-to-throttle" times. Although low-dose and residual drinking effects may pose low relative risk for occupational error, the aggregate contribution of these exposures to workplace problems may be substantial, given the number of people exposed.